Bladder catheterization in men and women

Bladder catheterization is required for patients with identified pelvic problems that prevent normal urination.

It is prescribed for the extraction of urine in case of chronic stagnation, accumulation of pus and blood clots in the organs of the genitourinary system or vesicoureteral reflux.

The procedure is also recommended for measuring the volume of an organ of the urinary system or residuals after urination, introducing a contrast agent to analyze the functioning of the urinary system. There are contraindications to the procedure: trauma to the urethra, inflammation in the ovaries and appendages, prostate abscesses, infections in the urethra.

Types of catheters

A good range of catheters is presented on the market of modern medical products, which allows you to choose the right one, taking into account the peculiarities of the diagnosis and the physical condition of the patient, the proposed therapeutic actions. They are divided both by type and by length.

Soft and hard

For reusable collection of urine, it is preferable to use a soft catheter. They are usually made from silicone. Elastic catheters must be sterilized for a long time in a disinfectant solution. For one-time urine collection, it is more rational to use rigid catheters because of their cost and relatively simple sterilization.

Foley catheter

For patients who are scheduled for long-term manipulation, it is preferable to carry it out with the most popular and demanded Foley catheter. Its design features allow you to increase the service life up to seven days.

The material for manufacturing is rubber, which, due to its hypoallergenicity, is suitable for a wide range of patients (latex coated with silicone is used as the basis).

The catheter is fixed using a special design that includes a balloon with saline, air and water. The Foley catheter has two subtypes: two-way and three-way. The first has only two holes: for urine output and for filling the balloon. The three-way one has an additional hole, which serves to inject medicines.

Thiemann catheter

If the patient has urinary tract obstruction, it is recommended to use a Tiemann system catheter to collect urine. It is intended for short-term use only. This type is elastic, it is provided with two lateral holes near the tip and one channel for drainage.

Nelaton's catheter

Nelaton's catheter, due to its special rigidity, is used for one-time emptying of the urinary reservoir for patients who are not able to do it on their own. It has a straight shape, a rounded end and two draining lateral holes in the terminal part. The material for its manufacture are polymers that are sufficiently rigid, or rubber.

Pezter catheter

For long-term collection of urine, the Pezter system catheter is excellent. The material for its manufacture is rubber, which gives it good flexibility. At one end of the probe there is a "cup" that ensures its secure fixation. It is often used when it is necessary to ensure the drainage of urine through a cystostomy. Its main disadvantages are the small diameter, which contributes to frequent clogging, and the lack of divisions.

Davol catheter

A Davol catheter is used to extract urine through a cystostomy. The device is less popular. It is used for emergency medical procedures.

How it is done

The catheterization procedure is regulated by a strict organization of the procedure. Her technique for men and women differs due to the structural features of the organs of the genitourinary system.

Women

Catheterization of the bladder in women is performed in accordance with the following procedure:

For men

Catheterization of the bladder in men is slightly, but still different:

• We advise you to read: what to do if your bladder hurts

In children

Badder catheterization in children is similar to this medical procedure in adults, but instruments with a small diameter are used. The algorithm of actions is exactly the same.

For children, the procedure is carried out with more caution due to the fact that the mucous membrane is much more sensitive and easy to damage.

The type of catheter is selected in accordance with the diagnosis or the prescribed diagnostic tests. A set for surgical manipulation is formed according to a similar principle.

Retrieval - can I remove it myself?

The procedure for removing the catheter must be carried out within the walls of the hospital. Self-removal of the probe can lead to both injuries and infectious diseases.

Before the start of the medical procedure, the external genital organs of the patient are subject to thorough hygienic treatment, followed by disinfection of the urethra. Only then can the probe be slowly removed with gentle rotational movements. Upon completion of all actions, the patient's organs are again processed.

Complications

Complications during surgical manipulation appear due to incorrectly performed actions of a medical worker. Often, due to poor processing, infectious diseases are detected, which are accompanied by the occurrence of urethritis, cystitis or pyelonephritis.

Inaccurate actions of the person performing the procedure can lead to a violation of the integrity of the mucous membranes and, as a result, bleeding.

Incorrect manipulation can even lead to damage to the walls of the urethra or bladder.

More complex cases are possible, but they are less common. A clinical case has been reported where misuse of a Foley catheter resulted in renal carbunculosis. As a result, a nephrectomy (removal) was required.

Care

In order for a urinary tube to be usable, it must be properly cared for. For effective cleaning, it is soaked in water with a small amount of vinegar. You also need to monitor the correct location of the urinal.

A urinal is a container for continuous collection of urine.

There are both bedside (stationary) and wearable. Mobile urinals are used by patients who are scheduled for permanent catheterization, but they can move independently.

The normal procedure is guaranteed if the urinal is below the level of the bladder, and its emptying occurs every few hours. Leakage of the urinal or pain in the patient's abdomen indicates possible complications, which are immediately reported to the doctor.