Inguinal hernia in men: Causes, symptoms and treatment, prevention

The surgical abdominal diseases pose a serious threat, without timely treatment, they end up complications. inguinal hernia, which also relates to surgical pathologies, up to 75% of hernial protrusions. In men, the risk of developing the disease is 9 times higher than in women, due to the peculiarities of anatomy. A detailed study of the issue, consider the signs of disease, modern methods of diagnosis and treatment.

Description

Inguinal hernia (code ICD-10 - K40), - the output abdominal viscera, peritoneum coated, through an opening of the inguinal canal. In men, the latter is a cavity, through which the spermatic cord - this anatomical structure is responsible for the blood supply to the testicle and carries sperm from their place of production to the initial section of the urethra during ejaculation.

Abnormal protrusion has 3 components:

• hernial - inguinal ring through which the bodies out of the abdominal cavity;
• hernial sac - peritoneum sheet that covers the outside protruding bodies;
• hernial contents - bowel loops, omentum, bladder and other organs that have fallen into the hernial sac.

Depending on the particular location, hernias are divided into direct and oblique.

It is important for the doctor during surgery. By the time of occurrence distinguish congenital and acquired forms, each of which may be single-sided or double-sided (rare).

The main reasons

The main local development factors - the weak point of the abdominal wall, which is represented by the opening of the inguinal canal. Through it, the presence of other causes of organs can be partially slip out of the abdominal cavity and form a protrusion under the skin.

For the greater medical significance have common factors. They are divided into:

• predisposing - increase the risk of hernia in their lifetime;
• produce - are the direct cause of the output organs of the abdominal cavity.

Contributing factors include: heredity, pathological changes in the connective and muscular tissue. The young men of hernia can be a manifestation of the connective tissue.

List of manufacturing factors:

• frequent constipation and straining on the toilet;
• diseases accompanied by chronic cough;
• heavy physical work;
• a regular weight lifting;
• the constant wearing of tight belts;
• sharp fluctuations in weight;
• loosening and sagging abdominal muscles;
• abdominal surgery;
• abdominal trauma.

Symptoms and signs

The main manifestation - a protrusion under the skin, which is located in the pubic region.

The man notices incomprehensible "bump" which is in the supine position is significantly reduced or disappears, and during physical exercise increases. Diverticulum is clearly seen in people with a slender or medium body type, and the presence of overweight or "beer belly" for a long time the patient may not notice the problem.

The second characteristic symptom - pain in the groin area. Man feels dull pain mainly during exercise, during severe bouts of coughing, when lifting heavy things. As the disease progresses and increase hernia pain symptoms become permanent.

Flexing and pain can be accompanied by symptoms:

• the discomfort and inconvenience of walking;
• violations of the chair, frequent constipation or diarrhea;
• a feeling of heaviness and bloating;
• urination disorders - too frequent desire, difficulty in urine output;
• nausea and vomiting.

To what doctor to address

The survey men are suspected of having an Inguinal hernia surgeon should do. He diagnoses, prescribes a treatment plan and on the testimony of conducting surgery.

Diagnosis of inguinal hernia in men: what methods carried

The valuable information when a doctor receives a feeling of anterior abdominal wall into the patient standing and lying down. To protrusion is more prominent, the surgeon can ask a man to stretch the abdominal muscles, natuzhitsya or cough. After determining the formation of the doctor conducting percussion (percussion) and auscultation (listening) over it. If the hernia was omentum, the sound is dull, and in contact with the air-filled bowel loops tapping thympanitis (louder).

Instrumental methods of investigation are assigned to 100% diagnostics:

• US herniation and abdomen - helps identify the contents and determine what organs were in hernia;
• X-ray of the gastrointestinal tract with contrast medium for the study of small entities, especially in obese people when an ultrasound does not provide reliable information;
• cystography (opacification of the bladder), if the doctor is suspected that this body was in the hernial sac.

Before the operation, carried out by standard diagnostic Complex: clinical blood and urine tests, coagulation (clotting definition), the analysis of viral hepatitis and HIV infection, consultation of the urologist and physician.

What is an inguinal hernia in men in the photo and the US

Visually inguinal hernia appears as a kind of bulge, towering above the skin in the groin area of a person. Below, in the photo clearly shows how it is possible to identify this pathology:

This is another photo of a hernia in the groin in a man:

Below is the photo looks like an inguinal hernia in men in the US (ultrasound):

Is it possible to cure without surgery and when

The surgery is not carried out, if a person has absolute contraindications. In other situations, the surgeon's care is the main and only radical method.

Treatment of inguinal hernia in men without surgery includes more preventive and symptomatic than real working tools.

It is important to understand that without the participation of surgeons can not get rid of the bulge and get back to an active life. If you delay the trip to the doctor can be life-threatening complications.

Drugs

The tablets can not cure a hernia, but can relieve symptoms. If a strong pain syndrome recommended analgesics from the group of NSAIDs (Analgin, Paracetamol, Ibuprofen). If a man suffers from regular constipation, to facilitate bowel movement he prescribed a laxative (bisacodyl, lactulose, psyllium).

Physiotherapy

Exercises for prevention of inguinal hernia in men and recommended in the late postoperative period.

If a man has a hernial protrusion, any load on the abdominal muscles it is contraindicated. They can exacerbate the problem and cause impairment.

The training is allowed to carry out or for the prevention of disease, or in the late postoperative period to strengthen the overstretched muscles.

To do this, use the classic exercises: curling from a prone position on his back, "bicycle", "scissors", circular kick their feet.

Power

Dieting can not cure a hernia, but can prevent its progression and is a serious complication like coprostasia. The basic rule of the diet - add more fruits and vegetables rich in fiber, as well as fermented milk products.

These measures are aimed at increasing the volume and normalization of stool consistency, and help to cope with constant constipation. Meals men with inguinal hernia should contain a minimum of simple carbohydrates (sugar, pastries, sweets), greasy and "heavy" dishes.

Folk remedies: carefully

Self hernias at home is unacceptable. Folk remedies and methods are not able to remedy the defect stomach tissue. They only exacerbate the pathology and fraught with life-threatening complications. May have an unpredictable effect + lost time on the real solution to the problem.

What's

When vpravimyh inguinal hernias can help bandage that holds the organs of the digestive tract in the abdominal cavity. However, it can not be too long, because of the kinked herniation may begin inflammation and complications. The bandage is suitable for patients who have already scheduled operation, and it is necessary to wait a few weeks, or those who did the operation - to prevent recurrence.

What is dangerous for a man inguinal hernia: Complications

If time does not make a diagnosis, and treatment, can cause the following:

• irreducible hernia, which occurs due to the formation of the constrictions of the connective tissue between the authorities and the hernia sac;
• pinching - threatening complication in which the contents of an inguinal hernia stops blood flow, there is death of tissue;
• coprostasia - stagnation of feces in the intestinal loop, which hit the hernial sac, is fraught with intestinal obstruction and peritonitis;
• inflammation of the damaged area of the abdominal wall and organs.

The operation to remove

The use of self-medication can eliminate symptoms in a short time to improve the well-being, but to remove a hernia necessary surgical intervention

Severity

A properly executed surgery for hernia does not bear the risk for the body if taken before surgery were carried out the necessary tests and training.In some patients, there may be problems with the release of anesthesia or complications of chronic disease on the background of the use of drugs for anesthesia.

Recovery

In the first 5-10 days after the elimination of the formation of the patient concerned about a small pain and discomfort in the affected area.

To eliminate them appointed painkillers. Return to active life the patient may on average, a week after the operation, but the physical load on the abdominal muscles are prohibited to complete rehabilitation, which takes several months.

In order to prevent recurrence after surgical correction, doctors recommend a patient to wear a special bandage

The consequences (recurrence)

The probability of negative consequences, ie relapse, depends on the chosen method of operation.

In the classical interference with tension own relapse occurs in 25% of patients, and after the strengthening of the hernia mesh complications are not more than 1% of people. The best option in uncomplicated forms of inguinal hernias recognized laparoscopic technique - she rarely gives recurrence.

The reappearance of protrusions at the same location may occur under the influence of such factors:

• non-compliance with medical recommendations, early onset of physical activity in the postoperative period;
• wound infection - during or after surgery;
• the use of non-modern methods of surgical correction.

If there are recurrent inguinal hernia symptoms are the same as for the primary disease. Pathology requires immediate surgical consultation and selection of the optimal type of operation because of its conservative cure is not possible.

Basic rules for the prevention

To avoid the development of inguinal hernia protrusion, you need to follow 5 simple recommendations: