The causative agent of trichomoniasis

The causative agent of trichomoniasis is the simplest unicellular organism - Trichomonas. This microorganism has the ability to live and develop even in the absence of oxygen, the vital activity of protozoal bacteria occurs in the human body.

Types and conditions of existence

The following types of infection are distinguished - vaginal, intestinal and oral. The most active form is vaginal, such infectious agents are distinguished by high pathogenicity. Intestinal bacteria parasitize inside the body, located in the intestinal tract. Oral microorganisms are located on the surface of the mucous membrane of the oral cavity and in the upper parts of the gastric tract.

Pathogenic microorganisms have the ability to multiply in the absence of oxygen. Most often located on the surface of the epithelium of the genitourinary tract, but can also penetrate into other organs, as well as into the bloodstream. They can absorb other microorganisms that cause urinary tract infections, keeping their cells in themselves. The result is a negative effect on the immune system. Trichomonas infects epithelial cells, actively multiplying in them and parasitizing.

Diagnosis

It is possible to identify the urogenital pathogen using instrumental and laboratory diagnostic measures. It is not possible to make an accurate diagnosis based on symptoms and physical examination alone. You can confirm trichomoniasis by conducting such studies:

• Laboratory examination of a swab taken from the urethral opening;
• Microbiological examination;
• Immunological analysis;
• PCR method.

Since such a disease can develop without pronounced symptoms, it is necessary to make a reliable diagnosis only with the help of laboratory tests.

Clinical manifestations in men

Trichomoniasis in men affects such organs of the reproductive system: the urethra, spermatic cords, prostate and testicles. Sometimes the symptoms are not pronounced, in which case the man is the carrier of the pathogen, which is transmitted during intimacy. If Trichomonas is in the body for a long time, complications may occur that manifest themselves as non-gonococcal urethritis, an inflammatory process in the prostate and testicles.

The duration of the incubation process can vary from 2 to 200 days. Symptoms do not appear immediately. Usually, clinical signs begin to appear when the immune system is weakened or during chronic infectious processes in the body. Symptoms are due to the form of the pathological process. The development of urogenital trichomoniasis can occur in acute or chronic form.

Symptomatics in men is expressed in a burning sensation during emptying of the bladder. Discomfort extends to all parts of the external genital organs - to the penis, perineum, lower back, rectal region. If complications develop, the following signs appear - hyperemia of the foreskin, redness, swelling, abrasions and wounds. Additional symptoms that accompany the development of the disease include: hyperthermia, pain in the testicles.

Another consequence of an advanced form of trichomoniasis is an inflammatory process in the tissues of the prostate gland. Such a disease is accompanied by heaviness, soreness in the rectal area and in the perineal area.

Clinical manifestations in females

According to statistics, the fair sex suffers more often than men. In this case, Trichomonas vaginalis are located in the uterine cavity. But the symptoms are expressed on the external organs of the reproductive system. Their redness, itching and hyperemia are noted. With the development of invasion, symptoms appear such as: abundant mucus, sores, the appearance of minor bloody, foamy and watery secretions that have a sharp fishy smell, pain during sexual intercourse, the uterus and lower abdomen may increase in size.

The discharge is white or yellowish in color, their appearance is accompanied by intense itching, which is localized not only in the vagina, but also on the inner surface of the thighs. Often there is pain or pain when emptying the bladder. With the advanced form of the disease, there is a strong swelling of the external genitalia and severe itching. Timely diagnosis and treatment of the disease is very important, since its development is fraught with complications, up to difficulties in conception.

Transmission paths

Trichomonas can be transmitted not only during intimate contacts. Other ways of infection may be contact with personal hygiene items of a person. This rarely happens, but the facts of infection by domestic means are recorded.

It is impossible to get infected through ordinary contact, for example, during hugs.Also, the disease is not carried by pets or birds.

Therapeutic measures

It is possible to get rid of urogenital trichomoniasis only with a properly designed therapy algorithm. It is important to first go through all the necessary diagnostic measures that will allow you to make an accurate diagnosis. It is impossible to get rid of pathology using dubious folk remedies. Treatment should take place under the strict supervision of a physician. The purpose of medications is determined by the severity of the disease, its stage, and the severity of clinical signs.

For therapy, antitrichomonas drugs are used, the action of which is aimed at combating the causative agent of the pathology. For treatment, systemic and local drugs are prescribed that fight the pathogen in the body and eliminate external symptoms. To achieve a lasting positive effect, a very important integrated approach. Traditionally, doctors prescribe a course of antibacterial drugs, which helps to cure the infectious process. It is important not to stop the course of treatment, even if the symptoms completely disappear.

It is possible to recover from trichomoniasis, which develops without complications, within a few weeks. If the pathology is complicated by other infectious processes, the duration of therapy is significantly delayed. It is important to adhere to all medical recommendations, to undergo the prescribed course of treatment even in the absence of severe symptoms.

When the last drug is taken, it is very important to undergo repeated laboratory diagnostics, thanks to which it is possible to assess the patient's condition, determine the presence of a pathogen or antibodies to it in his body. It is very important to adhere to such recommendations of doctors: to exclude sexual relations for the entire duration of therapy, to remove from the diet too spicy, fried, spicy, smoked and pickled dishes, the use of ethanol-containing drinks is not allowed. A prerequisite is the observance of the rules of personal hygiene.