Sperm aggregation detected - what is it, why, what to do?

As soon as the question arises about a man's inability to conceive, a thorough medical examination is assigned to him in the clinic. The patient urgently needs to undergo tests, the first and most important of which is a spermogram. The biomaterial is simultaneously checked according to several criteria and allows detecting such a pathological condition as sperm aggregation. This is one of the disorders that can lead to infertility.

What does sperm aggregation mean?

Sperm of a healthy man varies in viscosity and color, but its consistency should be uniform, without impurities and lumps. In this environment, seed cells move freely, and regardless of their number, they do not collide with each other. For this, they have the physical property of mutual repulsion, because each particle has a negative charge.

But under the influence of some factors, sperm adhesion begins. In medicine, there are two concepts: aggregation and agglutination of spermatozoa, often unknowingly they are confused. Both problems are associated with stuck together gametes. But agglutination means the direct bonding of particles to each other. During aggregation, they stick together after crossing with another biological substance:

• With immune cells, erythrocytes, leukocytes, macrophages, epithelial particles;
• With fragments of dead cells (aggregation with cellular debris);
• With slime. In this case, several sperm cells stick together at once. Large groups of gametes can be attached to the mucus, and this is determined even visually - lumps and white clots become visible in the liquid.

Doctors do not classify aggregation as an independent disease, but call this condition a pathology, which means a deviation from the norm.

Reasons

Research shows that there are a lot of factors provoking the violation. They can be divided into internal and external.

The first are:

• Infections of the genitourinary system. Sexually transmitted diseases are at particular risk;
• Inflammatory processes in the reproductive organs: pyelonephritis, vesiculitis, cystitis, prostatitis;
• Concomitant diseases: paraproctitis, orchitis, varicocele, cystic fibrosis;
• Disruption of the endocrine system, decrease in testosterone production.

To the second:

• Bruises of the scrotum and microtrauma, resulting in damage to the vessels of the small pelvis;
• Wrong lifestyle, consisting in frequent stress, physical overstrain or inactivity, insomnia;
• Unbalanced diet, uncontrolled consumption of alcohol and certain medications.

Symptoms and signs of the condition

Pathology does not cause any obvious symptoms. If there are no accompanying ailments, the man may not even be aware of the changes in the ejaculate. There are no deviations in his physical well-being. The only sign of a problem is the inability to conceive.

But when the appearance of sperm aggregation is provoked by injuries and diseases, then the presence of their characteristic symptoms is possible:

• pulling pain in the lower abdomen;
• scrotal tumors;
• urethral discharge;
• weak erection;
• difficulty urinating and ejaculation.

What degree?

To diagnose a problem with spermatozoa is possible only with the help of laboratory tests. To do this, you need to pass a semen analysis. Biological material - ejaculate, is collected in a sterile container. At the same time, it is important to observe sterility in order to exclude the ingress of foreign impurities into it.

There are also a number of mandatory conditions that must be met 2-7 days before going to the clinic:

• refrain from sexual intercourse;
• limit physical activity;
• exclude spicy, fatty foods from the diet;
• do not consume alcoholic beverages, coffee, drinks with dyes;
• stop taking antibiotics and other strong drugs (or if you cannot report it);
• refuse to visit saunas and other sources of overheating.

In addition to sperm analysis, a man is prescribed additional examinations that will help identify the cause of the changes occurring, the exact type of the causative agent of the concomitant disease, and determine the severity of the pathology.

According to WHO standards, the presence of sperm aggregation is expressed by the following indicators:

If sperm aggregation is found in the analysis, then it is recommended to pass a second analysis, it is taken 2 weeks later to clarify the diagnosis and eliminate errors.

Treatment

Therapy should be carried out in a comprehensive manner. First of all, it is necessary to eliminate the provocative disease.For this, medication is prescribed with drugs.

• Antibiotics. They are selected depending on the type of pathogen, individual intolerance of the patient. "Amoxiclav", "Ampicillin", "Cephalexin" have proven themselves in the fight against inflammatory processes in the genitourinary system;
• Antispasmodics. Prescribed to relieve pain (for example, No-shpa);
• Vitamin and mineral complexes. Vitamins and biological additives help to increase immunity, accelerate regenerative processes and improve the quality of ejaculate. Apply "Speroton", "Androdose", vitamins C, D, E and group B.

An important role is played by the revision of the diet, the exclusion of harmful products from it. It is also necessary to normalize the work schedule, observe the sleep and rest regime.

Features, probability of conception

Aggregation by itself, especially in the initial degree, does not affect fertilization. It does not lead to a sharp violation of sperm motility, such as is observed with agglutination. It only increases the viscosity of the ejaculate and decreases the rate of its dilution.

But when it comes to the presence of other pathologies that provoke massive aggregation, then the risk of developing infertility increases many times over. Without medical intervention, the likelihood of conception becomes almost impossible.

Prevention

The main goal of the doctor in the described sperm pathology is to identify the cause that provoked the development of the deviation and get rid of it. If this is done in a timely manner, then the forecasts for the man will be positive. The main thing is for him to observe some preventive measures himself in order to avoid the initial or reappearance of the problem. 4 basic rules:

• Regular medical examinations and tests, including semen analysis;
• An active lifestyle, rationing of physical activity, good rest;
• Rejection of bad habits, especially alcohol abuse;
• Compliance with intimate hygiene, a competent choice of partners for intimacy.

No disturbance in the body happens by itself. With careful attention to your health, you can avoid many problems, including deterioration in the quality of sperm.