The most common male health problem

Adenoma of the prostate has been one of the most pressing problems in the state of male health for many years. It is a benign enlargement of prostate tissue. It is characterized by the proliferation of the glandular epithelium. Many are worried about prostate adenoma symptoms and treatment, the size of which is subdivided into several stages. This disease is one of the most popular for men.

Only males are susceptible to it, since the prostate gland is a gland with the functions of external secretion, which is found only in men. Almost everyone encounters this problem. Most of all these are men of mature and old age. But do not underestimate the problem, since it appears already at a younger age, but does not manifest itself in any way. It is diagnosed in more advanced cases.

Etiology

The reasons for the development of prostate adenoma have not yet been identified. This can be a change in the hormonal regulation of the body. This is associated with age-related changes, since the frequency of patients increases in proportion to age. But, at present, many predisposing factors have already been identified that lead to the onset of the disease.

These include smoking, especially long-term, the use of alcoholic beverages, as well as drugs. This is especially true for low alcohol drinks such as beer. It contains a large amount of phytoestrogens that can alter male hormonal levels. As a result, the relative content of androgens decreases.

Do not forget about wearing tight clothing, which leads to impaired blood flow from the internal organs. Uncomfortable and tight clothing can also lead to an increase in the temperature of the male genitals and prostate, which negatively affects its functioning.

Transmitted venereal and general inflammatory diseases, also affect the condition of the prostate gland, as well as the development of sperm. They can be attributed to the relationship directly to the quality of sperm and erectile function. So, special attention is played by chronic prostatitis, especially long-term current.

Wrong lifestyle, lack of a normally organized lifestyle, irregular sleep can act as starting points. There are several opinions that prolonged abstinence, irregular sexual activity, as well as interrupted sexual intercourse are provocateurs in the development of prostate adenoma.

With age, the state of the vascular wall is disturbed, atherosclerosis joins and there is a violation of blood circulation in the gland. It is impossible to reject hereditary predisposition, especially if the men in the family have a father or grandfather who suffered from this pathology at a young age.

Clinical presentation

Symptoms of prostate adenoma at a young age are almost not manifested. But they can come to light in the absence of pregnancy in a couple. And also with the prophylactic delivery of a spermogram with the identification of changes in quality indicators. The man begins to identify the cause of the changes on the part of the sperm, and by exclusion they find prostate adenoma. At a young age there are almost no symptoms, or they are so insignificant that they do not pay attention to them. p>

It all starts with a violation of urination. It begins to become more frequent, this is due to the fact that the gland increases in volume and gradually squeezes the urethra. In the daytime, this symptom is hardly noticeable, but when the urge to urinate begins to appear at night, disturbing sleep, the man seeks a doctor.

The nature of urination also changes, gradually its duration begins to increase, further causing significant inconvenience. The urine begins to flow out in a small volume, the stream begins to become thinner and thinner. In advanced stages, it is a single dropout. There is always a feeling of incomplete emptying of the bladder. Rarely, but involuntary urination may appear.

With an increase in adenoma to 2 and 3 degrees, pain in the lumbar region of a pulling nature may appear. Sometimes this can be associated with an associated kidney pathology. Overfilling of the bladder occurs and urine may flow into the renal pelvis. If the process is not cured in time, then the pathology can manifest itself as hydronephrosis. During the development of decompensation, intoxication of the body may appear. It is expressed by weakness, constant malaise, poor exercise tolerance. A severe degree of intoxication can be complicated by nausea, vomiting, regardless of the meal.

Problems with potency can occur with a pronounced enlargement of the gland. This can be expressed by a decrease in libido. Ejaculation disorders will sometimes be expressed in pain. Potency becomes progressively worse, and the duration of intercourse is shortened.

Disease diagnosis

Usually not a problem. Especially because in the early stages men do not address this problem. To make an accurate diagnosis, it is necessary to consult a specialist, with a thorough questioning, clarification of anamnesis and complaints. It is important to know the exact time of the onset of symptoms.

Diagnostics begins with examination and palpation. Rectal examination of the prostate gland allows you to assess the estimated size, consistency, presence or absence of lumps.

With an adenoma in the initial stages, it is difficult to diagnose the condition of the gland by palpation. But at the later stages of the pathological process, it is quite easy to determine the process. A laboratory study, which is a screening test, is mandatory. This is a determination of the level of prostatic antigen. It can increase with a malignant formation in this organ. But with prostate adenoma, this analysis is a method of differential diagnosis.

The ultrasound method is not only non-invasive, but also cost-effective. He assesses the exact size of the gland, its structure, as well as the presence or absence of tumor components. With its help, its volume is determined. Normally, the dimensions should not exceed 3.5-3 cm. This usually corresponds to 20-25 ml by volume. In some cases, it increases to 70-80 ml, upon reaching 100 ml, the volume of the gland completely overlaps the lumen of the urethra. It is preferable to connect the Doppler study to this method. It determines the degree of blood flow in the vessels of the organ.

If necessary, an invasive method is used. A biopsy of the most suspicious area is performed with a histological examination.

Treatment

It is selected depending on the degree of magnification. It can be medical and surgical. From medications, alpha blockers are used. They increase blood flow to the pelvic organs and the gland, respectively. This happens due to vasodilation, and the obstruction of the urinary tract is also reduced. The man notes an improvement in urination, the outflow of urine is facilitated. They are used if the adenoma does not exceed the critical size.

Another group of drugs is 5-alpha-reductase blockers. They can slightly reduce the size of the prostate adenoma. With the development of a large overgrowth in the gland, drugs are ineffective. As means for periodic administration, antispasmodic drugs are used.

Treatment with medication implies an early start and systematic intake of funds. If taken irregularly, the effect does not occur, since in most cases the effect is cumulative.

In the absence of an effect from the above methods of therapy, a surgical method is prescribed. It consists in the complete removal of the gland or partial resection. Rarely, stomas are used to improve urine flow.