Who was helped by prostate surgery

Indications for removal of the prostate

Removal of the prostate is performed in cases where conservative therapy is powerless. In most cases, this is an oncological process. Sometimes a prostatectomy is performed for benign prostatic hyperplasia. An increase in the organ due to inflammation is not a reason for surgery. The following indications for removal of the prostate are distinguished:

Cancer is considered the main indication for organ removal. Prostatectomy is performed only at stages 1 and 2 of the disease. In these cases, the oncological process is limited to prostate tissue. If the prostate is not removed in a timely manner, the cancer can spread throughout the body. The operation is performed on men under 70 years of age, since somatic pathologies are contraindications to its implementation.

Prostate adenoma leads to an increase in the organ. As a result of this disease, sexual weakness and impaired urination are noted. With the progression of benign hyperplasia and the lack of effectiveness of therapeutic methods of treatment, a prostatectomy is performed.

Methods of surgical intervention

There are several ways to remove the prostate. The choice of method depends on the prevalence of pathology. Removal of an organ can be complete or partial. Surgical options include:

Currently, less traumatic surgical procedures are preferred. These include laser removal of adenoma, transurethral resection. However, it is not possible in some cases to replace an open operation with other methods.

Removal of prostate adenoma: consequences of surgical treatment

Removal of the prostate gland is a radical treatment that comes with a number of health risks. These include complications of the early and late postoperative period. Among them - a violation of the process of urination and ejaculation. After removing Prostate adenoma with a laser and transurethral resection, the risk of these complications is reduced compared to open surgery.

This operation is stressful for the whole organism. Therefore, after it, there are violations of the functioning of the genitourinary system. Normally, they gradually disappear. In 2-10% of cases, violations remain. The negative consequences of prostatectomy include:

To prevent these complications from developing, the patient's condition is monitored in the first days after prostate removal. When discharged, you should follow the recommendations of the urologist. This will help reduce the risk of late complications.

Early postoperative period

During the first days after prostatectomy, the patient's condition is severe. This is due to blood loss and changes in the functioning of the urinary organs. At this time, there is a risk of developing the following complications:

Diagnosis of early complications is carried out by medical staff in a hospital. In case of acute conditions, the help of a surgeon is required.

Recovery period after prostatectomy

The early postoperative period is several days (5-7 days). During this time, the patient's condition is normalized, there is an independent urination. However, full recovery after removal of prostate cancer or adenoma may occur only after a few months. It depends on the age of the patient, the characteristics of his body and the technique of the operation. To speed up rehabilitation and reduce the risk of late complications, the following guidelines must be observed:

After a prostatectomy, heavy objects weighing more than 3 kg should not be lifted. It is also not recommended to engage in sedentary work and drive a car. Nutrition should be fractional, with a predominance of easily digestible carbohydrates and proteins.

Restoration of urination after prostatectomy

Removal of the prostate often leads to a violation of the process of urination. In the first days after surgery, a catheter is inserted into the urethra. It is necessary for the evacuation of fluid from the bladder. The catheter is removed after a few days or weeks. Due to the weakness of the pelvic floor muscles, urination is difficult to control. But gradually the process is getting better. To speed up rehabilitation, you need to do gymnastics, spa treatment is useful.

Intimate life after prostate surgery

After 3 months after prostatectomy, the patient can start sexual activity. By this time, the pelvic muscles should recover. In some cases, patients experience Retrograde ejaculation. Seminal fluid is released, but it enters the lumen of the bladder. This phenomenon is not dangerous, but it prevents conception. To get rid of this symptom, vibromassage and vacuum erectors are used. With erectile dysfunction, drugs containing sildenafil are prescribed.These include medicines "Cialis", "Viagra".

Removal of the prostate indications, preparation and conduct of the operation, consequences and restoration of potency

The consequences of such pathologies of the male genitourinary system, such as adenoma, may lead to the need to remove the prostate. The operation to remove the prostate gland does not carry the risk of death, but there is a possibility of postoperative complications affecting the quality of life. The surgical path is often the only way to avoid the severe development of the disease. Find out information that will help you make the right decision, mentally prepare for prostate surgery and get an idea of the prospects for post-operative recovery.

What is prostate removal

Prostatectomy is a surgical operation to remove the prostate or part of it. The gland secretes a special secret that stimulates the motor activity of spermatozoa and prolongs their viability outside the male body. The prostate significantly increases the chances of natural fertilization. Organ removal does not mean automatic infertility. Modern surgery involves several operating techniques. The choice of the most effective method is individual and remains at the discretion of the attending physician and the patient.

Indications for deletion

Surgical intervention is always an extreme measure, which medicine sanctions only if, against the background of a progressive disease, all methods of conservative therapy have exhausted themselves and have not brought a satisfactory result. Patients enter the operating table due to the following reasons:

Adenoma removal methods

Surgery has developed several methods of prostatectomy. All of them are in use today. When choosing, the patient's age, comorbidities, stage of the disease and PSA levels in the blood (prostate specific antigen) are taken into account. The qualification of the surgeon is of great importance. There is the following choice of method of surgical intervention:

How is prostate surgery done

In the preoperative period, you must strictly follow all the recommendations of the doctor. It is necessary to stop taking medications that thin the blood (Clopidogrel, Warfarin, Aspirin and others). Preoperative preparation is individual depending on the chosen method of operation. To get a complete picture of the patient's condition before surgery, the attending physician may prescribe a number of tests:

• PSA analysis;
• transurethral ultrasound;
• biopsy (at the discretion of the doctor);
• rectal digital examination.

Transurethral resection

Before the operation, it is necessary to conduct a urine and blood test. Local anesthesia is used for anesthesia. Since the operating instruments require direct power supply, a grounding electrode is located under the patient's thigh. During the operation, a resectoscope is inserted through the urethra into the patient's bladder.

The adenoma is removed using a device called a loop. The neoplasm is removed gradually, as if "scraping" it until only healthy tissue remains. At the end of the operation, the pathological tissue in the form of "shavings" is in the bladder. These fragments are washed out using a special device. Operation standards are designed for a duration of no more than one hour. During the postoperative period, a special catheter is inserted to restore urination.

Radical prostatectomy

If a significant part of the prostate is affected by oncology, minimally invasive methods are considered unpromising. The doctor is forced to make a choice in favor of radical abdominal prostatectomy, which involves the removal of the prostate. The duration of the operation is approximately 2-3 hours. There are three technologies for this type of surgical intervention:

Endoscopic resection

A little common type of operation is at the same time highly effective. Removal occurs with a laser beam under local anesthesia. It does not require incisions, the burning of damaged tissues is done through the urinary canal. The advantages of the operation include the absence of blood loss, low trauma and a reduction in the recovery period. To facilitate the process, surgeons use a camera at the end of the instrument.

Laser vaporization

The newest method of removing the prostate gland is laser vaporization, which uses the properties of a green laser. It is photoselective to hemoglobin, affects only those tissues of the gland that have good vascularization. The laser beam penetrates only 1 mm into the tissues, so vaporization is carried out in layers. The patient is given local anesthesia through the urethra. The advantages of the process include a minimal risk of bleeding.

Complications

With the undoubted effectiveness of surgical manipulation methods, there is a possibility of complications and disorders both during and after surgery:

Consequences for men's health

Life without a prostate is characterized by sexual dysfunction for 20% of patients. There is nothing surprising or particularly dramatic in this, because the logic of the disease initially assumed the suppression of sexual function and a decrease in the volume of seminal fluid. In the postoperative period, there is a slow recovery of erectile ability. Separately, it is necessary to mention the consequences of removing the prostate gland in men in the form of retrograde ejaculation (into the bladder), which increases the risk of infertility and cancer recurrence.

Restoration of potency after prostate removal

Weakening or loss of erection in men is a side effect of prostate removal. Of particular difficulty are cases if during the operation the nerve fibers responsible for the occurrence of an erection were damaged. If the operation was successful, and there were no problems before the intervention, then recovery, according to reviews, takes from three months to a year. Significant rehabilitation assistance will be provided by medicines for potency based on Sildenafil and Tadalafil, mechanical devices (pumps and erectile rings).

The cost of an operation to remove the prostate gland depends on the qualifications of the surgeon and the chosen method of operation. Approximate prices in clinics:

Prostate surgery consequences

Recovery after surgical treatment of BPH

Many representatives of the stronger sex are concerned with the question of what are the consequences and feedback on the operation to remove prostate adenoma? After all, surgery is always associated with its own risks, but at the same time it gives good results in treatment. And men do not always want to go under the knife if there is a high probability of a subsequent struggle with complications or unforeseen consequences.

Indications for intervention

Prostate adenoma is a serious disease that only in the initial stages can seem harmless and safe, because it does not show any symptoms. However, as the pathology progresses, symptoms develop that significantly complicate the life of patients and, accordingly, require relief.

There are a number of strict indications for an operation for a developed adenoma, which include:

• inadequate effectiveness of the treatment methods that have been used previously;
• severe problems with urination;
• the presence of stone formations in the cavity of the bladder;
• severe retention of urine in the bladder even after the act of urination;
• Acute urinary retention was not resolved by insertion of a catheter into the bladder cavity;
• an active infectious process began to develop in the urinary tract, which significantly complicates the non-surgical treatment of the patient;
• the kidneys began to work incorrectly due to urinary retention in the bladder area;
• Identified severe hematuria (blood in the urine).

Surgical intervention also becomes mandatory if there is reason to suspect the development of cancer from prostate adenoma. In this case, the operation is performed as early as possible to prevent the progression of the disease.

Methods for removing prostate adenoma

Removal of prostate adenoma can be carried out by several methods. The choice of the method of intervention usually remains with the doctor, who, in turn, focuses on the general condition of the patient, the degree of neglect of the disease, and a number of other factors. Today, 4 main methods are actively used by doctors:

Restoration process

In most cases, after the removal of prostate adenoma, a long rehabilitation process is not required if any complications did not develop during the intervention. All patients who have undergone manipulation are advised to stay in the hospital for several days so that doctors can keep their condition under control and deal with various complications that may arise in a timely manner. Possible complications include:

• development of bleeding;
• urinary retention in the cavity of the bladder or in the urethra;
• complications of an infectious-inflammatory type;
• inability to retain urine in the body;
• retrograde ejaculation;
• erection pathology;
• Development of strictures in the urethra.

If a patient develops one of the complications due to surgery, he is advised to stay in the hospital so that the doctors can decide how to eliminate this complication. Almost all the consequences of surgery on prostate adenoma lend themselves to fairly simple relief, if the patient and doctors pay attention to them in a timely manner.On the other hand, if both doctors and the patient ignore complications, their resistance may form, in which it will not be so easy to eliminate them.

What patients think

After the operation to remove prostate adenoma, the responses from patients are very different. Here are some of them:

After the operation, I encountered urinary incontinence and discomfort during urination, I save myself with the help of special pads, but I have no idea what to do next, and the doctors don’t really say anything.

(Konstantin, 60 years old)

At the age of 70, my father was diagnosed with an advanced disease, he was sent abroad for laser surgery, so far everything is fine and there are no complications, let's see what happens next.

I was diagnosed with adenoma 2 years ago and it turned out to be very resistant to drug therapy, in the end I decided on the advice of a doctor for TUR and was satisfied, I did not encounter the complications that everyone was so afraid of, although a year had already passed.

Reviews on operations for adenoma are very diverse. Much depends on the qualifications of the doctor, the method of intervention, the general condition of the patient and the neglect of the disease, which must be remembered. Do not refuse surgery just for fear of complications. It is better to choose a good doctor and get rid of the problem forever.

Indications for removal of the prostate

Removal of the prostate is performed in cases where conservative therapy is powerless. In most cases, this is an oncological process. Sometimes a prostatectomy is performed for benign prostatic hyperplasia. An increase in the organ due to inflammation is not a reason for surgery. The following indications for removal of the prostate are distinguished:

Cancer is considered the main indication for organ removal. Prostatectomy is performed only at stages 1 and 2 of the disease. In these cases, the oncological process is limited to prostate tissue. If the prostate is not removed in a timely manner, the cancer can spread throughout the body. The operation is performed on men under 70 years of age, since somatic pathologies are contraindications to its implementation.

Prostate adenoma leads to an increase in the organ. As a result of this disease, sexual weakness and impaired urination are noted. With the progression of benign hyperplasia and the lack of effectiveness of therapeutic methods of treatment, a prostatectomy is performed.

Methods of surgical intervention

There are several ways to remove the prostate. The choice of method depends on the prevalence of pathology. Removal of an organ can be complete or partial. Surgical options include:

Currently, less traumatic surgical procedures are preferred. These include laser removal of adenoma, transurethral resection. However, it is not possible in some cases to replace an open operation with other methods.

Removal of prostate adenoma: consequences of surgical treatment

Removal of the prostate gland is a radical treatment that comes with a number of health risks. These include complications of the early and late postoperative period. Among them - a violation of the process of urination and ejaculation. After removing prostate adenoma with a laser and transurethral resection, the risk of these complications is reduced compared to open surgery.

This operation is stressful for the whole organism. Therefore, after it, there are violations of the functioning of the genitourinary system. Normally, they gradually disappear. In 2-10% of cases, violations remain. The negative consequences of prostatectomy include:

To prevent these complications from developing, the patient's condition is monitored in the first days after prostate removal. When discharged, you should follow the recommendations of the urologist. This will help reduce the risk of late complications.

Early postoperative period

During the first days after prostatectomy, the patient's condition is severe. This is due to blood loss and changes in the functioning of the urinary organs. At this time, there is a risk of developing the following complications:

Diagnosis of early complications is carried out by medical staff in a hospital. In case of acute conditions, the help of a surgeon is required.

Recovery period after prostatectomy

The early postoperative period is several days (5-7 days). During this time, the patient's condition is normalized, there is an independent urination. However, full recovery after removal of prostate cancer or adenoma may occur only after a few months. It depends on the age of the patient, the characteristics of his body and the technique of the operation. To speed up rehabilitation and reduce the risk of late complications, the following guidelines must be observed:

After a prostatectomy, heavy objects weighing more than 3 kg should not be lifted.It is also not recommended to engage in sedentary work and drive a car. Nutrition should be fractional, with a predominance of easily digestible carbohydrates and proteins.

Restoration of urination after prostatectomy

Removal of the prostate often leads to a violation of the process of urination. In the first days after surgery, a catheter is inserted into the urethra. It is necessary for the evacuation of fluid from the bladder. The catheter is removed after a few days or weeks. Due to the weakness of the pelvic floor muscles, urination is difficult to control. But gradually the process is getting better. To speed up rehabilitation, you need to do gymnastics, spa treatment is useful.

Intimate life after prostate surgery

After 3 months after prostatectomy, the patient can start sexual activity. By this time, the pelvic muscles should recover. In some cases, patients experience retrograde ejaculation. Seminal fluid is released, but it enters the lumen of the bladder. This phenomenon is not dangerous, but it prevents conception. To get rid of this symptom, vibromassage and vacuum erectors are used. With erectile dysfunction, drugs containing sildenafil are prescribed. These include medicines "Cialis", "Viagra".

Weakening of potency

With prostatitis, prostate adenoma or other disease of the prostate gland, sexual life begins to deteriorate even before surgery. For all these diseases, the symptoms are a decrease in sexual desire, weakening of erection, difficulties with sexual intercourse and ejaculation.

Naturally, immediately after the removal of the gland, impotence will not go away. Moreover, the doctors' reviews are unequivocal: immediately after the operation, a recovery period is required, when sex is generally prohibited. The restoration of sexual function takes a different time - for someone it takes 1-2 months of abstinence, and someone will be prescribed a refusal to have sex after removal of the prostate gland for more than six months. After rehabilitation treatment, the condition should improve, sex will be allowed.

Retrograde ejaculation (when sperm is ejected into the bladder during ejaculation, and not released along the vas deferens outward) - such a consequence is already a complication. The frequency of such complications is approximately 9% of all cases. Recovery requires either medical treatment or a second operation.

You should not hope that after the restoration the quality of intimate life will be the same as that of a man with a prostate. The main task of the prostate gland is the formation of alkaline prostatic juice, which is needed to neutralize the acidic reaction of the female vagina. So if the prostate is removed, then the prostatic juice is not released - this can cause slight discomfort during sex. But the main thing is that the spermatozoa will be defenseless against the acidic environment of the vagina and will die, so that it will not be possible to conceive a child. But this problem is fixable, given modern methods of artificial insemination.

Sometimes after the procedure, retrograde ejaculation appears

TUR syndrome

Another serious consequence characteristic of transurethral resection of the prostate in prostatitis or adenoma is the "water intoxication" syndrome. It is also called "TUR syndrome". It develops due to the influx of large amounts of water during surgical irrigation. According to statistics, the frequency of the syndrome is 6.7%. of the total number of all cases of complications after prostate removal.

What are the signs of this type of complication? When an increased amount of fluid enters the vessels, the volume of blood increases, and, accordingly, the load on the heart increases. An increase in intravascular arterial pressure, together with a decrease in colloid osmotic pressure, causes a rapid swelling of the brain and lungs. Liver failure may also occur, in which the level of ammonia in the blood will rise sharply and toxic effects on the central nervous system will begin.

When the very initial signs of postoperative water intoxication appear, they must be eliminated quickly. The basis of treatment are diuretics and hypertonic saline solutions (these drugs are heavy, so subsequent monitoring of the patient's condition during treatment is required).

Regular check-ups after surgery

To control the condition and prevent complications, a man after prostate removal will need to be regularly examined by a doctor. It will be necessary to hand over different analyses. For example, an assessment of the level of prostatic phosphatase is needed to prevent the recurrence of prostate cancer. Also, the analysis of acid phosphatase helps to determine the effectiveness of antiandrogen treatment. However, along with the PAP assessment, it is necessary to do tests for the amount of prostate-specific antigen (meaning the PSA test after the removal of the gland).

What should be the normal value of acid phosphatase?

• Less than 2.1 ng / ml means that the phosphatase is normal and the prostate removal operation was normal, there are no relapses.
• Acid phosphatase levels above 2.1 ng/mL warrant additional testing as the prognosis for recurrence or complications after prostate resection is too high.

After the procedure, regular examinations by a doctor are necessary

Measures to improve the condition

In order to prevent the consequences of the operation to remove prostate adenoma or resection of the gland in case of prostatitis or cancer, it is necessary to carry out restorative procedures. They will help mitigate the consequences of the operation and prevent complications. If everything is done correctly, then men's health will return faster: the patient will feel better, the pain will pass, urination and strength for sex will return to normal after a minimum period of time.

While a man is in the hospital immediately after a TUR or adenomectomy, he may be prescribed antibiotics. These drugs help prevent the development of infection. However, it may not be necessary to take antibiotics after prostate surgery - it all depends on the man's well-being and on the consequences of removing the adenoma.

The following measures can be used as mandatory restorative treatment to eliminate the consequences of TUR or adenomectomy:

Doctors remind that the consequences of prostate surgery in men can be smoothed out to a certain extent if you undergo appropriate rehabilitation. It is necessary to follow all the advice of doctors and periodically go for examinations and take tests. Some consequences are dangerous, but if measures are taken in time, they are easily eliminated, and the man recovers quickly after removal of the prostate gland.