Prostate cyst in adolescents

Prostate cyst in men

Prostate cyst is an encapsulated, closed hollow formation in the prostate gland filled with fluid. After 40-45 years, a Prostate cyst is diagnosed in every fifth man. All conditions have been created in the Yusupov hospital for the treatment of patients suffering from a prostate cyst:

• Modern diagnostic equipment from the world's leading manufacturers;
• Attentive and polite medical staff;
• European level of comfort;
• Innovative treatments.

Severe cases of the disease are discussed at a meeting of the Expert Council. Professors and doctors of the highest category take part in its work. Leading urologists collaboratively develop patient management tactics.

Types of prostate cysts

Prostate cysts in men are congenital and acquired, parasitic and non-parasitic. Congenital cysts are rare. They are the result of obstruction of the excretory duct of the prostate glands. Congenital cysts of the prostate are detected mostly when examining a patient for other diseases. The most common median cysts of the prostate occur:

• Müllerian duct cysts;
• Prostatic uterine cyst (utricular cyst);
• Ejaminatory duct cyst.

Benign cystic prostatic hyperplasia is one of the most common cystic lesions of the prostate. E can be found in the transition zone as a chance find. In most cases, multiple small cysts are found. Enlargement of the transitional zone always causes compression of the central and peripheral zones and the impression will be created that the cyst is located in these two zones.

Most of the cysts of the ejaculatory duct occur as a result of a violation of its patency. They are usually located at the site of passage of the ejaculatory duct in the prostate. Cystic enlargement of the seminal vesicle on the same side may be a clue to the diagnosis.

Retention cysts of the prostate develop as a result of dilatation of the glandular lobules with acquired obstruction of the small ducts. They can appear in any area of the prostate gland, but most often in the peripheral. The diagnosis is based on the localization of cysts in the peripheral zone of the prostate and the lack of data for the presence of benign hyperplasia.

The retention cyst of the prostate can be located in the region of the internal opening of the urethra. When present, there is difficulty urinating. Echinococcal cysts are now extremely rare, but of considerable size. Isolated cases of dermoid cysts of the prostate gland are known. Slightly more common are serous cysts of the prostate, which are located inside the gland itself. Their diameter does not exceed one centimeter. The formations are filled with serous or serous-bloody fluid, lined with bridging epithelium.

Causes of prostate cysts

The development of congenital prostate cysts in men is due to abnormal intrauterine development of the organ. The cause of abnormal, with internal cavities, the formation of the prostate gland can be any of the factors that are unfavorable for the development of the fetus. Acquired cysts arise as a result of diseases and exposure to all sorts of hazards that accompany the life of an adult male. Most often, the acquired cyst of the prostate is of a retention nature. It is caused by violations of the outflow of prostate secretion. Another widespread cause of neoplasm is hypersecretion, (overproduction) of the prostate fraction.

The risk of developing a prostate cyst in adulthood increases under the influence of the following factors:

• The presence of an adenoma (benign growth) of the prostate;
• Irregular sexual life (the complete absence or rarity of contacts inevitably leads to stagnation, or vice versa, too frequent sexual contacts);
• Some occupational activities involving heavy lifting and exposure to vibration;
• Systematic hypothermia;
• Alcohol.

In order to avoid the formation of a prostate cyst, urologists recommend that men reduce or avoid exposure to harmful factors.

Symptoms and diagnosis of prostate cysts

Small prostate cysts that do not compress the prostatic urethra do not cause any disorders. Clinical manifestations of large cysts are similar to those of prostate adenoma. Recognizing a cyst in most cases is not difficult. On palpation through the rectum, even small cysts are defined as a rather dense, smooth, rounded tumor. The mucous membrane of the rectum over the cyst moves freely.Diagnosis of large cysts is difficult.

A prostate cyst is characterized by the following classic symptoms:

• Impaired urination (frequent urge, difficult onset, weakening of the jet, imperative need to visit the toilet at night);
• Disorders of erectile or ejaculatory functions (weakening of erection, premature ejaculation, discomfort during ejaculation, complete impotence);
• Somatic discomfort (subfebrile condition with corresponding malaise, pulling pains in the perineum).

All these symptoms are not characteristic signs of a prostate cyst. They can also occur in other anomalies and pathological processes. A more pronounced, sometimes dangerous clinical picture develops in the case of abscessing of the cyst during infection, traumatic ruptures and perforation, overlapping of the growing cyst of the urethra, or bulging into the rectum.

In the Yusupov hospital, the following research methods are used to diagnose prostate cysts:

• Transurethral ultrasound (TRUS);
• Computed tomography;
• Digital examination of the prostate.

Due to the similar ultrasound features, it is difficult to distinguish between prostatic uterine cysts and Müllerian duct cysts on transurethral ultrasound. TRUS-guided needle aspiration helps in differential diagnosis. If it is necessary to clarify the diagnosis or conduct a differential diagnosis, urologists at the Yusupov Hospital prescribe laboratory analyzes of biological fluids (blood, urine, semen, prostate secretion), perform a puncture followed by a histological analysis of the contents of the cavity.

Prostate cyst treatment

An asymptomatic prostate cyst that does not show a tendency to grow, malignancy or suppuration does not require treatment. In this case, the urologists of the Yusupov hospital conduct periodic control studies. They are especially necessary for men over 40, since the malignant degeneration of the cyst can also proceed quite quickly and asymptomatically.

If the patient's symptoms progress (pain, impaired urinary outflow, erectile dysfunction) or cyst abscess occurs, urologists perform surgery. In the most favorable cases, it is limited to puncture of the cystic cavity and the introduction of sclerosing drugs. The doctor pumps out the contents and through the same needle injects a special substance into the cavity, which tightens and glues the inner surfaces of the cyst. After the procedure, the cyst ceases to exist as such.

The method of treatment of median cysts of the prostate as a cause of obstructive infertility is transurethral resection of the vas deferens. The operation has several disadvantages. In connection with the destruction of the seminal tubercle in a man, orgasmic sensations are lost, there is a risk of damage to the rectum, a relapse of the narrowing of the mouths due to contact with urine may develop. The best results are observed when performing endoscopic surgery.

According to indications, a full-scale abdominal operation is performed. It is technically complex and associated with inevitable surgical risks in such cases. In order to avoid it, it is necessary to eliminate the risks of developing education as much as possible and regularly undergo examination by a urologist or andrologist. This will allow you to identify the cyst at the stage of formation and, if indicated, remove it in a "calm" state.

After the examination, the doctor will suggest the best tactics for treating the disease.

How to treat a prostate cyst

Cystic formations can be a serious problem. They occur in absolutely any organ. It is not so rare for doctors to diagnose a prostate cyst. They observe such a deviation in almost a fifth of the entire male population. Very rarely, this pathology is congenital. Most often, it is acquired and is caused by various pathological processes in the prostate gland.

Where does the cyst come from in the prostate

A cystic neoplasm in the structures of the prostate can hardly be called a pleasant phenomenon. But almost 20% of men around the globe have to deal with it.

There are only 2 main reasons for the appearance of a cyst:

With such deviations, which at first glance may seem insignificant to men, the risk of a cystic bladder increases several times.

Cystic neoplasm is more often found in older men

Risk factors

People who are characterized by the following conditions and behavior are more likely to encounter a cystic tumor in the prostate sooner or later:

• Presence of benign prostatic hyperplasia;
• Too active or no sex life;
• The impact on the body of harmful factors associated with the profession. For example, regular weight lifting.

If a man has 2 or more risk factors, then in the near future he will begin to form a cyst in the genitourinary system. Continuous diagnostics of the relevant organs for pathological changes will help prevent this.

Symptomatics

A prostate cyst in men does not have specific signs that indicate precisely this disorder. All her symptoms are highly generalized. Because of this, people do not always understand what worries them and which specialist to contact to get rid of discomfort.

The symptoms are not specific. For example, it may be a decrease in libido

The appearance of a prostate cyst can give out the following symptoms:

• Increased urination;
• Pain during ejaculation;
• Pain while emptying the bladder;
• Increased body temperature;
• Temporary impotence;
• Reduced sexual desire and sexual activity.

Diagnosis

To confirm the presence of a prostate cyst, the patient needs to undergo a diagnosis. The results of the following studies will help the doctor to accurately determine the diagnosis:

Today, ultrasound is one of the most productive and informative. It allows you to visually assess the condition of the prostate, in which the cystic formation is growing. Before ultrasound, palpation of the problem area is mandatory. If the cyst is large enough, the doctor will be able to feel it, assess the size and density.

The cyst is clearly visible on ultrasound, even if it is small

Doctors distinguish several types of cysts that can be found in the structures of the prostate gland. Each of them has its own manifestations and consequences.

There are cystic formations of the following types:

Depending on what adverse factors affect the prostate gland, the location of the cystic tumor and the features of its manifestation are determined.

Modern medicine offers several effective methods that help to effectively treat cysts in the gland area. The choice of one or another technique directly depends on the factors that provoked its appearance. The size of the neoplasm and its variety are also taken into account.

If the cyst is small, observation can usually be limited

You can treat a cyst in the following ways:

Puncture of a cyst under ultrasound control

The main therapy is often supplemented by treatment with folk remedies.

Complications

The consequences of an untreated cyst, which was affected by the prostate gland, can be very serious. Doctors warn of such complications:

• Purulent fusion of the affected tissue;
• Acute urinary retention;
• Deformation and compression of gland tissues;
• Rupture of the cyst.

Of course, not all patients experience these complications. However, do not once again put your health in danger. It is better to start treatment of a cystic tumor in time to avoid more life-threatening conditions.

You can't just ignore the presence of a cyst - it threatens with very serious complications

Popular questions

Having first heard about their diagnosis, men begin to ask various questions that relate to their health and the development of cysts in the structures of the prostate gland.

Is it possible to massage with a cyst

Only a doctor can decide whether to give a patient massages or not. In most cases, such manipulations are undesirable, as they can provoke tumor rupture.

Are loads acceptable

With a prostate cyst, it is very dangerous to do exercises that are based on sudden movements. It is better to give preference to light exercises, slow running and walking until complete recovery.

Can it lead to infertility

Specialists confidently say that cystic tumors do not have a detrimental effect on a man's ability to conceive a child. However, such a problem may appear in a patient due to too active growth of the neoplasm and squeezing it by the walls of the organs of the genitourinary system.

Does it cause cancer

In medicine, cases have been repeatedly recorded when a cyst develops into a malignant tumor. So such fears of men are quite justified.Fortunately, cystic cancer is extremely rare.

If patients diagnosed with a prostate cyst have questions about this disease, they can always ask their doctor during their next visit.

, to all residents of the city and region!

Prostate cyst in men

Prostate cyst is one of the most common pathologies of the prostate gland. Most cystic cavities in the prostate are present in men throughout life, but they do not progress and do not affect the function of the organ. Such pathologies do not require treatment. Only 20% of prostatic cystic formations manifest themselves clinically.

Cystic formations in the prostate can interfere with the function of the prostate and bladder. In the future, such cysts lead to the development of severe complications, up to impotence and male infertility. An early visit to the doctor contributes to the timely diagnosis of the disease and the implementation of minimally invasive treatment.

Causes and types of cysts in the prostate

Prostate cysts are congenital and acquired. Congenital cystic formations most often occur as a result of fusion or underdevelopment of the excretory ducts of the gland. These cysts are usually found incidentally during other examinations. If the formation is formed in the area where the prostate duct enters the urethra, acute or severe urination disorders may occur, therefore, with such localization, cysts are detected more often. Congenital cystic formations are often combined with other malformations of the genital organs in boys.

Acquired cystic cavities appear against the background of long-term chronic prostatitis, when the duct is blocked by stone, fibrous tissue and neoplasms. As a result of a violation of the outflow, the acinus cavity increases in size, as it is stretched by the accumulated secret.

Urologists distinguish between true and false cysts. True formations are formed in the thickness of the gland tissue and represent a closed cavity filled with serous secretion. A false cyst of the prostate in men is formed when the prostate duct is blocked, as a result of which the outflow of the secretion of the gland is disturbed and its suppuration may occur. With suppuration, the cystic formation turns into an abscess.

There are many reasons for the formation of cystic cavities. Depending on the reasons for their formation, they are classified accordingly. The tactics of treating patients depend on the cause, symptoms and characteristics of the course of the disease.

Many factors contribute to the process of cyst formation:

• existing prostate adenoma;
• excessively active sex life;
• irregular sex;
• frequent carrying of heavy things, especially when the bladder is full;
• harmful production factors;
• regular stressful situations.

A separate group are parasitic cystic cavities in the prostate gland. These pathologies are caused by parasites (schistosomes, echinococci, filarias) that have entered the male body.

Clinical symptoms and diagnostics

A cyst in the prostate is clinically manifested only when it reaches a large size. If the cystic cavity is small and located inside the prostate parenchyma, it may not manifest itself clinically.

The main complaints of patients with this disease are:

• increased urination;
• pain when urinating;
• weak urine stream;
• feeling of incomplete emptying of the bladder;
• pain in the pelvic floor, radiating to the back, legs;
• premature and painful ejaculation;
• erectile dysfunction;
• cases of fever.

Diagnosis of cystic formations of the prostate is based on the analysis of patient complaints, the results of an objective study and additional diagnostic methods. The urologist, after questioning the patient and collecting an anamnesis of his disease, proceeds to a digital rectal examination. During this examination, you can determine the location and size of the cavity, study its structure and mobility.

As additional diagnostic methods that can give the doctor information about possible organic and functional disorders of the genitourinary system in men, if a formation in the prostate is suspected, the following is prescribed:

• Ultrasound. Ultrasound examination is performed through the anterior abdominal wall with a full bladder;
• TRUS. Transrectal ultrasound is the most informative type of examination for diseases of the prostate gland;
• Urine and blood tests;
• Spermogram;
• Urofluometry. This non-invasive study determines the rate of urination;
• Urethrocystography.With the help of this examination, an x-ray of the bladder and urethra is performed after the injection of a special contrast agent into them;
• CT or MRI (computed or magnetic resonance imaging). These types of studies are expensive, therefore, they are prescribed only according to indications, for example, for differential diagnosis of a cyst with cystic prostate cancer.

In order to conduct a differential diagnosis or clarify the diagnosis, a doctor may prescribe other research methods.

Prostatic cyst treatment

The tactics of treating patients with prostatic cystic cavities depends on the causes of their appearance, size, symptoms, course characteristics.

Cystic formation in the prostate must be treated in time. If treatment is not prescribed, then complications may develop: suppuration of a cystic formation with the formation of an abscess, compression of surrounding organs by a large cyst, acute urinary retention, rupture of the cyst.

A prostate cyst can be treated in many ways. The doctor can choose one of the options for treating the patient:

Surgical intervention can be performed by several approaches: urethral, transrectal, perineal and through the anterior abdominal wall. The choice of access and the scope of surgical intervention is planned based on the results of a comprehensive examination and may change during the operation itself.

The earlier a formation in the prostate gland is detected and high-quality treatment is carried out, the less likely it is to develop severe complications. Therefore, it is so important to consult a doctor in a timely manner at the first urodynamic disorders, pain sensations or problems of a sexual nature.