Causes of hematuria in men

The urinary and reproductive system are the most vulnerable places in the human body. Men note various symptoms by which it is not difficult to recognize the onset pathology. Some diseases have no symptoms at all, which is a reason for postponing a visit to a specialist.

Blood in a man's urine is a serious signal that a dangerous disease has begun. In this case, a malfunction in the functioning of the urinary and reproductive system is possible, which requires diagnosis and consultation of an experienced doctor.

When urine changes color to blood or pink, this is called hematuria.

Hematuria in men is of two types:

• gross hematuria;
• microhematuria.

There are three types of pathological changes in urine, they are classified based on the cause of the accumulation of red cells.

Classification

Hematuria in men, possible causes, classification.

• Extrarenal. The appearance of accumulations of red blood cells is provoked by some kind of pathology or injury in the urinary system. In this case, urine may be bloody due to the intake of certain medications, the use of products that color urine, and also due to high blood pressure.
• Renal. The appearance of red blood cells is associated with kidney disease. This can provoke pyelonephritis, polycystic disease, kidney stones, tumors, trauma.
• Post-mental. The considered form of hematuria in men can be triggered by the formed obstruction in the urethral canal for the outflow of urine. This can be triggered by inflammation of the urethral canal, the urea itself.

The disease is divided into several stages, which are marked by the time the plasma appears.

• Initial pathology. The disease is marked by the appearance of red blood cells in the first portions of urine.
• Total pathology. Recorded by all three urine test portions.
• End pathology. Plasma traces appear in the most recent urine sample.

Microhematuria is a disease in which pathology is visible only under a microscope. With this small number of red blood cells, the urine comes out uncolored.

Macrohematuria is a pathology in which urine leaves the body of a scarlet or brown color. This modified process is noted by both the patient and the attending physician.

Why does hematuria occur?

Hematuria in men, what are the causes of this pathology?

• Diseases of the cardiovascular system, due to which blood clotting disorders occur: anemia (hemolytic), hemophilia. Most often, this happens due to a hereditary predisposition.
• Renal polycystic disease. A pathological process in which cystic formations form in the kidneys. During the growth of the cyst, there is pressure on the tissue, which provokes bleeding. Polycystic disease is always accompanied by hematuria, most often this pathology is observed in men over 45 years old.
• Urolithiasis. A pathological process in which metabolic disorders develop, due to which salts accumulate, sand and stones are formed. Hematuria in patients with urolithiasis begins after the movement of stone formations along the channels of the urinary system, which leads to trauma to the urethral canal and the opening of bleeding.
• Inflammation of the prostate gland, the development of tumors in the prostate provoke inflammation of the organ with its increase. With a large prostate, there is pressure on the adjacent organs of the urinary system, which creates obstacles on the way to the free rejection of urine. Over time, the overfilled urethra presses on the vessels, which leads to rupture - the plasma enters the urine.
• Tumors of a malignant nature in the urinary system. Malignant tumor causes most often occur in a strong half of the population after 43 years. Oncological formations lead to the death of tissue and blood vessels, which causes blood loss, which penetrates the urine. Cancer at a late stage is always accompanied by hematuria, which complicates the diagnosis of the disease.
• Cystitis. The inflammatory process affects the urinary tract. The emergence of this pathology occurs due to the penetration of viruses, bacteria, infection. Plasma manifestations in urine are noted in advanced cases of the disease, when the urea vessels are damaged by the inflammatory process. Exhausting loads
• Physical overload. Heavy sports or other physical activity can rupture small blood vessels, with red blood cells entering the urine. Sometimes it is just that the kidneys cannot cope with their functions after hard training, this is also the reason for the penetration of plasma into urine.
• When a patient's blood pressure rises, blood flow increases in the body, which increases the volume of blood flowing into the renal arteries. With increased pressure in the vessels of the kidneys, rupture of small capillaries occurs, which provokes the penetration of erythrocytes into urine.
• Treatment with certain drugs to thin the blood. When taking these drugs, vascular permeability increases, which causes hematuria.
• Injury, including mechanical impact. Trauma can occur with a strong blow, surgery, which becomes the reason for open, internal bleeding. They lead to hematuria.

What are the signs of hematuria recognized

Symptoms of hematuria are easy enough to recognize. This is discomfort in the urethral canal, ureter, pain radiates to the sacro-lumbar region. Some patients note painful sensations under the scapula, the skin becomes pale, patients have constant thirst with attacks of dizziness. Urine does not drain completely, there is always a feeling of a full bladder.

At the same time, the urine does not have a natural color, it contains clots of plasma that can be viewed without a microscope.

Diagnosing pathology

In order to make the correct diagnosis, a specialized specialist determines the cause of hematuria. To do this, the attending physician needs to collect a complete history, which determines the possible cause of the release of blood traces in the urine.

This requires the following steps:

• laboratory tests (according to Nechiporenko);
• microscopic examination of urine sediments;
• establishing the volume of urine excreted per day;
• analysis of urine for the number of erythrocytes;
• phase contrast microscopy.

In this case, the urologist examines the patient during the outflow of urine, determining the specificity of the stream and color.

If there is blood in the urine, and the patient does not feel painful discomfort, then this may be a benign neoplasm in the urinary or genital area.

When urine comes out brown or reddish-brick in color, this indicates pathological processes in the kidneys.

The feeling of soreness during the emptying of urea warns that the patient may have urolithiasis or infectious inflammation of the urinary organs.

When urine outflow is accompanied by a burning sensation, it can be prostatitis.

Hematuria Therapy

Treatment of hematuria begins with the elimination of the primary manifestation of plasma in urine. Patients cannot independently diagnose and prescribe treatment for themselves. This action can be detrimental to your health.

To stop bleeding, experts recommend the use of hemostatic medicines and herbal teas of medicinal plants.

In case of large blood loss, patients are prescribed a course of infusion therapy. After this course of treatment, patients are restored to full plasma volume.

If the cause of hematuria is in stone formations that cannot go out on their own, surgical intervention is prescribed. Basically, the operation is done when tissue ruptures, hematomas, trauma to the kidneys, urinary canals are found in the organs.

When the pathology has a chronic course, patients are prescribed iron-containing preparations, vitamin complexes with a high content of B vitamins.

To obtain high effectiveness of treatment therapy, you should seek help from a medical facility. Self-treatment will not lead to anything good. In order to be treated, you need to know the root cause and the exact diagnosis.