Inflammation of the testicles in men

Inflammation of the testicle in men is a rather serious disease that affects the organs of the scrotum. It is accompanied by many painful and unpleasant clinical manifestations. This pathology of infectious etiology. Let's talk in more detail about this disease, the causes of its occurrence, symptoms, methods of treatment and prevention.

Inflammation

The process of inflammation can begin in the epididymis (in this case, the patient is diagnosed with epididymitis) or in the tissues of the testes (the pathology is called orchitis). What is the difference between these two diseases?

Unlike epididymitis, orchitis affects the testicular tissue, not the epididymis. In addition, if during orchitis the tissue can become inflamed only on one side of the scrotum (right or left), then epididymitis affects both appendages at once.

Nevertheless, both diseases need to be diagnosed and treated in a timely manner so that severe and serious complications do not appear.

Reasons

There are many reasons for inflammation of the tissues and appendages of the testicles. If you correctly determine why the disease arose, you can easily find an effective treatment without any problems.

Urologists identify the following causes of orchitis and epididymitis:

• Injuries resulting in inflammation;
• Specific infections (e.g. syphilis, tuberculosis, brucellosis, typhoid, etc.);
• Non-specific infections caused by fungi or viruses;
• Stagnation of blood supply in the pelvic organs and vas deferens.

Any infection can enter the scrotum in the following ways: through the blood or urethra, seminal ducts, from the kidneys. Often, banal hypothermia leads to the onset of an inflammatory process.

Clinical picture

Depending on the type of disease, the patient has different symptoms of orchitis. Immediately after the onset of the development of the disease in the acute stage, an increase in temperature occurs. This suggests that there are inflammatory processes in the body. Then the following symptoms appear:

Enlargement and swelling of the right or left testicle (depending on the location of the inflammation);

• Pain on palpation of the scrotum;
• Redness of the skin near the lesion;
• Chills, headache, nausea, weakness, dizziness and other symptoms characteristic of intoxication ;
• Violation of proper sleep due to unbearable pain;
• Acute cutting pains from the affected testis, which can radiate to the lumbar region, back or groin; while the pain becomes stronger with exercise.

If the doctor did not detect the disease in time and the patient did not begin to treat it, then the orchitis will move into the stage of chronic pathology. Then the clinical picture will be different: the pain will become constant and acquire a aching character. Often, with inflammation of the testes in men, pain in the groin can be described as undulating: it subsides or intensifies with hypothermia and after suffering diseases of viral etiology.

Among the visible signs of chronic orchitis: the appearance of suppuration of the testicles, thickening of the inflamed egg, darkening of the color or redness of the skin of the scrotum. In addition, with orchitis, men complain of symptoms such as: soreness in the affected area during sex and urination, constant general weakness, fever, decreased libido.

Detection technique

If you notice the symptoms of an onset of the disease, you should immediately contact a specialist in order to conduct an accurate diagnosis.

Initially, the doctor conducts a visual examination and gives directions for the following clinical and laboratory tests:

• General urine test to determine the degree of neglect of inflammation;
• Complete blood count (when certain organs become inflamed, the number of lymphocytes and leukocytes increases, the ESR is increased);
• Taking a swab to determine the causative agent of the disease;
• Examination of urine for the presence of bacteria or infections that caused inflammation of the testicles in men;
• Examination of the patient's semen to study the overall picture of the seminal fluid and identify type of pathogenic microbes;
• MRI, which allows to establish the complexity of inflammation and the degree of pathology;
• Ultrasound of the testicle to establish the general condition of the affected scrotum and detect the presence of fluid in the inflamed area.

Complications

If, after the diagnosis of acute orchitis in a patient, adequate therapeutic measures were not prescribed, the pathology flows into a chronic form, which will be more difficult and longer to treat. In the case when patients with a chronic type of inflammation are not treated, orchitis contributes to the appearance of prostate diseases and severe malfunctions in the reproductive system.

At the same time as inflammation of the testicles, inflammation of the appendages develops. Fluid may accumulate between the testicular membranes.The inflammatory process on one side sometimes spreads to the other. The inflamed testicle is usually smaller or located asymmetrically in relation to the healthy one. In addition, suppuration of testicular tissues may begin with the development of abscesses and microabscesses.

In patients, erectile and ejaculatory function, libido are disturbed, the vas deferens are damaged, and the hormonal background changes. Orchitis not cured in time leads to infertility (over 50% of patients).

Treatment options

There are many methods of therapy, the method of treatment or their combination is selected by the urologist. Allocate the therapy that has become traditional with medicines, treatment with folk remedies, physiotherapy measures. If all of the above methods did not give the desired effect, they resort to surgical intervention.

In the case when testicular inflammation is diagnosed in men on the left or right, the indications for the operation are: chronic orchitis with frequent exacerbations, severe testicular suppuration, painful seals in the scrotum, fever that lasts 10 or more days.

Drug treatment of orchitis

Medicated therapy is the traditional treatment for orchitis. The doctor selects drugs whose pharmacological action is aimed at eliminating the clinical manifestations of the pathology and eliminating the affected area:

• Analgesic drugs;
• Cephalosporins;
• Antimicrobial drugs and macrolides;
• Anti-inflammatory drugs.
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In case of testicular suppuration and a severe course of the disease, antibiotics are prescribed. However, after taking medications of this group, probiotic preparations are prescribed that restore the microflora. In addition, the patient needs bed rest, maintaining the testicles with a special device, applying cold, novocaine blockade of the spermatic cord.





Physiotherapeutic procedures




If the patient has been diagnosed with the initial stage of acute orchitis, then the urologist sends him for paraffin baths, ultraviolet irradiation or laser treatment. Such therapy is carried out in the early stages, until suppuration occurs, otherwise the use of warm compresses and physiotherapy is strictly prohibited.





Traditional medicine methods




If the testicle or its appendage becomes inflamed, after consultation with the attending physician, it is permissible to use folk remedies in combination with medication and physiotherapy. Hop flowers will help with inflammation of the testicles. 100 g of which pour 400 ml of boiling water. The composition is insisted in a warm place for an hour, and then filtered. It is recommended to take the resulting infusion 3 times a day, 100 ml each.




Effective for orchitis and lemon balm. A tablespoon of herbs is added to 300 ml of boiling water, infused for an hour and filtered. As well as the composition with hops, lemon balm tincture is taken daily, at least 3 times, 100 ml each. With epididymitis, 3 times a day, 2-3 tablespoons, take a composition of beans, bearberry, corn stigmas and violet root. One tablespoon of each ingredient is mixed. 2 tablespoons of this mixture is brewed with a liter of boiling water, insisted, filtered. Composition is ready.




Inflammation of the epididymis can be treated with yarrow, rose hips, juniper, harrow roots, nettle, celandine.




Remember, self-medication is strictly prohibited! Before starting therapy with traditional medicine, you need to consult a specialist.





Measures




In order to prevent such a rather unpleasant male disease as orchitis, you need to follow a few simple tips.




Among the measures that prevent inflammation of the epididymis or testicular tissue, experts call: