ADS:
Acute and Chronic prostatitis are the most common male diseases. In clinical urology, these diseases are diagnosed in 30-60% of men of reproductive and working age (30-50 years).
Acute prostatitis is an inflammatory lesion of the prostate gland, accompanied by edema and the formation of purulent foci in the tissues of the prostate. The disease is caused by exposure to various pathogenic microorganisms.
The disease does not require emergency treatment. However, ignoring acute inflammation can lead to the fact that it becomes chronic. Therefore, when the first symptoms occur, you should consult a doctor and get an appointment for treatment.
Most often, the disease affects men over the age of 30 years. The causes of its occurrence are usually associated with the negative impact of various pathogenic microflora. Among the microorganisms that can lead to the appearance of symptoms of acute prostatitis, there are:
Many of the bacteria are in the body all the time. But in the normal state, they do not lead to the appearance of an inflammatory process. When they penetrate the mucous membrane of the prostate gland through the urethra, they begin to actively multiply and cause a strong inflammatory process.
Some bacteria enter the body through unprotected intercourse. Therefore, men who do not use contraceptives and constantly change partners suffer from the disease especially often.
There are also non-infectious causes of the inflammatory process. Among them are:
All these factors (individually or in combination) lead to stagnation of secretion in the prostate gland and blood in the vessels located next to the organ.
The accumulation of secretion creates favorable conditions for the reproduction of pathogenic microorganisms, which causes an inflammatory process. And in turn, the latter can cause a variety of complications from abscess and prostate adenoma to prostate cancer. Often men have problems with potency and conceiving children.
When Acute prostatitis occurs in men, the symptoms may vary. The severity of the manifestations of the disease depends on the stage and form of the inflammatory process in the prostate gland.
At the initial stage of the onset of the disease, a subacute form of the disease may be noted. Its symptoms are very weak. This is due to the low activity of pathogens or a good level of body resistance. The disease is very difficult to diagnose. Therefore, treatment may not be timely. And then the disease goes through several stages: catarrhal, follicular, parenchymal.
The clinical manifestations and symptoms of acute prostatitis correspond to the stages of the process. Common manifestations are pain, urination disorders and intoxication.
When the infection enters the excretory ducts, a catarrhal form of acute prostatitis is observed. In this case, the pathogenic microflora affects the mucous membrane without penetrating into the deep layers of the organ. Inflammatory foci appear in the prostate, it swells and increases in size. There is also squeezing of the urethra. Often, such signs appear under the influence of the influenza virus.
Mild symptoms still appear as:
At the same time, hyperthermia and subfebrile condition are sometimes completely absent.
Symptoms of acute inflammation of the catarrhal form may disappear on their own after 14 days. However, treatment is not always required. However, in this case, there is a high probability that the disease will become chronic.
Treatment started in the catarrhal stage of acute prostatitis leads to recovery in 7-10 days.
In the absence of treatment of the catarrhal type of the disease, the appearance of a follicular form is observed. During this period, there is a spread of infection, damage to individual lobes of the prostate.Symptoms become pronounced and manifest as:
At this stage, a purulent lesion of the prostate is observed, as evidenced by the threads of pus in the urine.
With vigorous therapy of follicular prostatitis, after 12 days, complete elimination of the signs of the disease can be noted. Otherwise, it goes into the next more difficult stage.
The diffuse or parenchymal form is the final stage of acute prostatitis. The inflammatory process extends to the parenchyma of the organ, where purulent foci are formed. Sometimes there is a complete lesion. The gland increases significantly in size.
The symptoms of this form are very pronounced:
If the treatment of acute prostatitis in the parenchymal stage is started on time, then the prognosis for a complete cure is favorable. Otherwise, the disease will become chronic or a prostate abscess will form.
Diagnosis and staging of acute inflammation of the prostate is carried out by a urologist and is based on a comprehensive physical, laboratory and instrumental examination of the patient.
Examination of the prostate through the rectum allows you to determine the size, consistency, homogeneity, symmetry of the gland, pain reaction, foci of destruction, signs of purulent fusion of tissues.
In the obtained secret of the prostate, an increase in the number of leukocytes and amyloid bodies, a decrease in the number of lecithin grains are found.
There is also increased leukocyturia in the third portion of urine.
To isolate the causative agent of acute prostatitis and find out its cause, it is necessary to carry out:
The nature and severity of dysuric disorders in the acute course of the disease is assessed using uroflowmetry.
Ultrasound of the prostate gland with moderate pain syndrome can be performed transrectally, and in case of severe pain reaction - transabdominally. The shape, size of the gland, the presence of focal or diffuse changes are evaluated echoscopically, the stage of an acute inflammatory process is established.
When planning a surgical operation for destructive forms of acute prostatitis, it is advisable to conduct an MRI of the pelvic area.
The leading role in the treatment of acute prostatitis belongs to etiotropic therapy. It is necessary to prescribe antimicrobial (antibacterial, antiviral, antitrichomonas, antimycotic) drugs as early as possible to suppress the reproduction of microorganisms in the gland and tissues of the urethra.
In order to reduce spasms and painful urination, analgesics, antispasmodics, rectal suppositories with anesthesin or belladonna, thermal microclysters are prescribed. In the complex therapy of acute prostatitis, NSAIDs, enzymes, immunomodulators, vitamins, infusions of solutions are used.
Physiotherapy for acute prostatitis is carried out after the acute symptoms subside.
Diet plays an important role in therapy. Also, during the treatment period, it is worth drinking plenty of fluids. This helps to ease the process of urination and relieve pain.
Folk recipes can also help speed up the healing process.
The treatment of acute prostatitis is aimed at eliminating the infection that caused inflammation, as well as normalizing blood circulation and eliminating congestion. It is usually done on an outpatient basis. Hospitalization may be required for patients with parenchymal disease.
In acute infectious prostatitis, therapy necessarily includes taking antibiotics. The duration of therapy and the drugs used in this case should be prescribed exclusively by a specialist.
Different antibiotics are effective against different microorganisms. Therefore, the doctor must evaluate the result of sowing and choose a remedy that will help to cope with the infection that provoked the disease. Usually treatment is carried out with:
Fluoroquinolones are recognized as the most effective in inflammation of the prostate. Therefore, they are often prescribed in the acute course of the disease.
In addition to antibacterial drugs, antihistamines (Zirtek, Zodak, Suprastin) and intestinal bacteria (Lactobacterin, Bifidumbacterin, Linex) are prescribed.
During the treatment period, it is necessary to maintain immune protection at the proper level.For this purpose, the following drugs are prescribed:
Timalin (promotes the restoration of gland tissues); Taktivin (indispensable in the presence of purulent foci); SIAM (good for bacterial damage).
You may also need to take interferons. They are used in the form of rectal suppositories and intramuscular injections. Among them, high efficiency is noted:
After the signs of the acute stage of the disease subside, you can undergo physiotherapy. It is necessary to eliminate the inflammatory process, relieve swelling of the gland tissues, eliminate pain, improve microcirculation and increase local immunity.
Common methods of influence are:
Prostate massage is also effective.
The diet for prostate inflammation is based on the principles of a healthy diet and limiting the intake of junk food. The diet is selected taking into account the severity of the manifestation of the disease and the characteristics of the organism.
During the treatment period, you should stop using:
It is worth enriching the diet with fermented milk products, cereals and juices.
An element such as zinc plays an important role in the treatment of inflammation of the prostate. It is contained in:
During the treatment period, it is imperative to consume a large amount of liquid. In this case, you must completely abandon the intake of alcoholic beverages. They slow down the healing process, provoking various complications.
Doctors believe that it is impossible to cure the disease with the help of folk remedies. But to alleviate the patient's condition in the acute course of the disease with their help is completely realistic. After all, even many medications are made on the basis of medicinal plants, which are widely used in traditional medicine recipes.
A specialist can advise the use of decoctions and infusions of medicinal herbs and plants. They are taken orally or added to water during sitz baths. Among the useful plants are:
It is worth remembering that some herbs can cause allergic reactions. Therefore, you should not prescribe them on your own. Otherwise, you can provoke the appearance of various complications.
The acute form of prostatitis is quite amenable to therapy. It is important to start it in a timely manner when the first symptoms occur. If delayed with therapy, the disease can become chronic. In this case, it will be much more difficult to cure it.
Due to certain circumstances, men of different ages may develop inflammation of the prostate or prostatitis. Most often, the disease is found in people aged 30 to 50 years, but it is possible that this range will change up or down.
Almost always inflammation of the prostate is caused by bacteria, with no specific symptoms. Consider what signs you should pay attention to, what causes prostatitis and give general recommendations for the treatment of the disease.
In men, the main cause of the development of inflammation in the prostate gland are various bacteria, including sexually transmitted ones - chlamydia, gonococci, ureaplasma. The influence of opportunistic microflora - Escherichia coli, streptococci, etc. is not excluded. Some microorganisms can penetrate the prostate through the urogenital route, for example, during anal sex. Others are thrown into the gland by urine or through the lymph.
Factors that facilitate the penetration of microflora into the prostate are:
In men who are sexually active, bacterial prostatitis can develop as a complication of a sexually transmitted disease.
There are abacterial forms of prostatitis, the causes of which are not clear. However, in this case there is no inflammation in the prostate gland or it is insignificant.
In urology, it is customary to distinguish two main forms of inflammation of the prostate: acute and chronic. In the first case, the symptoms begin abruptly, develop rapidly and cause a lot of anxiety to the man.
Frequent causes of acute inflammation of the prostate are hypothermia, trauma and errors in sexual life. The disease can be detected in men aged 20-45 years; in other periods of life, acute prostatitis is extremely rare.
Chronic prostatitis is more often a complication of an acute form or benign prostatic hyperplasia. This form is characterized by mild symptoms, periods of their attenuation and exacerbations. chronic prostatitis most often occurs in older men, but it is possible to identify this form in middle-aged and young people.
IMPORTANT TO KNOW! 80% of prostate diseases are asymptomatic, and this rapidly leads to dire consequences. If you need powerful protection against prostatitis, experts recommend. Read more >>
The symptoms of the inflammatory process in the prostate gland depend on the form of the disease and what microorganism it is caused by. The most striking clinical picture is acute prostatitis, signs of chronic prostatitis are often ignored even by patients.
The following manifestations are characteristic of the acute form of the disease:
With a long course, signs of intoxication of the body are noticeable - weakness, fatigue, nausea, loss of appetite. Acute prostatitis can be accompanied by erectile dysfunction, a decrease in sexual desire, and if not properly treated, it can result in infertility.
If inflammation in the prostate is caused by an STI, then another symptom will appear - discharge from the urethra. They can be greenish, yellow, white, often have an unpleasant odor.
Chronic prostatitis is manifested by the following symptoms:
Chronic inflammation of the prostate gland also affects the seminal vesicles, which leads to a deterioration in the quality of sperm. As a result, a man can develop infertility - the most common complication of this disease.
Chronic prostatitis is difficult to treat. A complete examination of the body and complex therapy will be required, excluding any dubious (alternative) methods.
It is impossible to accurately diagnose based on symptoms alone. To understand how inflammation of the prostate can be treated, the doctor must know what microorganism it is caused by, what form it has, and also have an idea about concomitant diseases. For these purposes, laboratory diagnostics are widely used:
Of the instrumental methods, ultrasound is used, both abdominal and transrectal. In the obtained images, the doctor can see changes in the structure of tissues, in the presence of inflammation, determine its area, determine the size of the prostate gland, which increases with prostatitis.
In case of doubt, the patient may be referred for an MRI or CT scan. These are examination methods that allow you to create a three-dimensional model of the organ under study on the monitor screen and therefore give clearer results. As a rule, this step is resorted to if there is a suspicion of prostate cancer. In this case, they can also take a biopsy.
In chronic prostatitis, the doctor may conduct a rectal examination of the gland through the wall of the rectum. This technique allows you to determine the soreness, size and consistency of the prostate, as well as take its juice for further laboratory research. In acute prostatitis, as well as in the presence of hemorrhoids, rectal examination is not performed.
Anamnesis plays an important role in the diagnosis of the disease, so you need to answer the doctor's questions as truthfully as possible. The specialist can clarify some features of intimate life, try to find out about chronic diseases and operations, and record complaints. All this is necessary for a more complete clinical picture.
If the disease is chronic, not complicated by purulent processes, the patient can be treated at home, under the outpatient supervision of a urologist, otherwise hospitalization will be required. The therapy has three goals - the relief of the inflammatory process, the destruction of the infectious agent and the elimination of symptoms.
For this, they can recommend:
Prostate massage in inflammation of the prostate gland plays a secondary role, is not always effective, therefore it is prescribed according to individual indicators. It is impossible to cure the disease with the help of only one mechanical action, and with an illiterate approach, the condition can be aggravated. Rectal massage is contraindicated in calculous prostatitis, adenoma, prostate cancer, as well as in some pathologies in the rectal area. You cannot do it yourself.
It is impossible to cure the bacterial form of inflammation of the prostate without antibiotics. There are different types of these drugs, the selection of the right remedy is carried out taking into account the type of microorganism (determined by bacterial culture), the health of the man, his age and other factors.
The modern approach to therapy involves the appointment of broad-spectrum antibiotics. These include:
The treatment regimen and dosage are individual.
To eliminate inflammation, various anti-inflammatory drugs are prescribed. Prostatilen has proven itself well - suppositories or injections. The main substance of the drug is an animal prostate extract. After the course of treatment, there is a decrease in swelling of the gland, a decrease in the area of \u200b\u200binflammation. At the same time, the work of the immune system is regulated.
Prostatilen is not prescribed in the presence of cardiovascular diseases and increased blood clotting. The dosage and dosage form are selected by the doctor, most often rectal suppositories are prescribed.
As needed, painkillers and antipyretics are prescribed, vitamin-mineral complexes and dietary supplements are selected.
The patient's diet is calculated in accordance with the daily nutrient requirements and taking into account the male body mass index. At the same time, the doctor tries to choose products that will help restore prostate tissue and exclude everything that will increase the load on it.
When inflammation of the prostate can not eat:
USE FOR PREVENTION! An innovative biologically active drug that naturally restores the health of the prostate gland. Experts recommend! Read more >>
If signs of intoxication are found, meat is completely excluded from the diet, the man is transferred to a plant-based diet. In an acute inflammatory process, a dairy-vegetarian diet is suitable, with the inclusion of fermented milk products. However, one must take into account the state of the gastrointestinal tract - with increased gas formation and a tendency to diarrhea, this diet is not suitable.
Nutrition for prostatitis should be fractional, you can not overload the intestines. The diet should have a sufficient amount of fiber, and salt should be limited. Dishes are best cooked in a steamer or in the oven.
With proper use, physiotherapy enhances the effect of medications, helps to cope with inflammation of the prostate, and relieves pain. In acute prostatitis, antibiotics and anti-inflammatory drugs are first prescribed, in the case of a chronic form, a course without prior preparation is acceptable.
To combat the disease, you can use:
Various exercises related to exercise therapy and aimed at strengthening the muscles of the pelvic floor and improving blood microcirculation are also recommended. They help get rid of stagnant processes, which is important for treatment.
Physiotherapy must be prescribed by a doctor. It is impossible to determine on your own what impact it is permissible to expose the prostate gland, and a mistake in this matter can lead to serious complications.
For monotherapy, various infusions and decoctions are not suitable, but will be indispensable as adjuvants. Plants contain various substances, including vitamins important for the prostate, selenium and magnesium, so recovery will be faster. More often, this approach is justified in chronic inflammation, while in the acute form, the principles of treatment are fundamentally different.
The following recipes are the most available:
Pumpkin seeds are good for inflammation of the prostate.They can be eaten raw, fried or mixed with honey. It is also good to make powder from this raw material and add it to salads.
Inflammation of the prostate in one form or another is detected in almost all men, regardless of age. We told how to treat the disease at home and what doctors will do, but we do not call for self-treatment.
Remember that with prostatitis it is important to correctly identify the pathogen, and this is impossible without visiting a urologist. Various drugs and techniques will be effective only in cases where the diagnosis is correct. Do not expose yourself to the risk of developing infertility and other complications, consult a doctor with problems.
Every second man of reproductive age (up to fifty years old) is prone to such a delicate disease as acute prostatitis, in which, under the influence of certain factors, the prostate (prostate gland) becomes inflamed, causing various forms of disorders of sexual functions, fertility, and psycho-emotional states. Be attentive to what your body says, and do not neglect timely treatment.
If a man feels discomfort and even pain during urination, you should immediately consult a doctor, because acute prostatitis is a disease of infectious etiology that causes inflammation of the prostate, followed by the formation of edema of the glandular tissue, the formation of purulent foci on it. If you do not pay attention to the signs of acute inflammation of the prostate, then the pathological process can transform into a chronic form that is difficult to treat, and there is very little time for reflection, the transformation occurs in a matter of days.
However, more serious complications are possible than its transition to a chronic form. There is a risk of sepsis - a general infection of the blood and an ascending infection of the urinary tract with the development of pyelonephritis and cystitis. In these cases, the patient is urgently hospitalized, the condition may be critical. Although sepsis as a complication is rare, it can occur in patients in immunosuppressive conditions - intoxication, fever, severe symptoms, weakness. Therefore, blood cultures are needed to detect microorganisms.
Every man needs to know and remember the symptoms of acute prostatitis. General signs of the disease appear:
These are external symptoms of prostatitis, but with a deeper examination, leukocytes, traces of mucus and pus in the secretory fluid of the prostate gland are found in the urine. On palpation, a dense, enlarged organ is felt, pressing will be painful. Further development of the inflammatory process is characterized by heaviness and pain in the perineum, radiating to the penis, sacrum and rectum. As a result, it becomes difficult for the patient to empty the bladder and defecate due to severe pain. Body temperature can rise up to 38C.
Since this disease is bacterial inflammatory in nature, the following infectious agents are the causes of acute pancreatitis:
Microbial microflora penetrates into the glandular tissue of the prostate, as a rule, by the transcanalicular route (through the urethra and excretory ducts of the prostate gland). In cystitis, the infection migrates to the prostate from the bladder. Other possible routes of bacteria penetration are opened during endourethral manipulations (catheter placement, urethral bougienage, cystoscopy, ureteroscopy). Pathogenic microorganisms migrate into the prostate from distant pathogenic foci in caries, sinusitis, tonsillitis, cholecystitis, pyoderma, bronchitis.
There is a high probability of infection from the intestines with proctitis, hemorrhoidal fissures, colitis. Non-infectious factors that can cause an attack of prostatitis are congestive (congestive) venous phenomena in the pelvic area and impaired drainage of the acini of the gland. Congestion can be caused by irregular or, conversely, excessive sexual activity, interruption of sexual intercourse, a sedentary lifestyle, frequent constipation, frequent alcohol intoxication, varicose veins of the small pelvis, hypothermia.
The clinical development of this disease is considered in three stages, which at the same time are forms of acute pancreatitis. This is:
Acute prostatitis in men begins with catarrhal inflammation, which is characterized by the expansion of the acini, the occurrence of edema of the glandular tissue and, as a result, an increase in the size of the organ.The excretory ducts of the prostate glands, which open into the posterior urethra, are actively involved in the inflammatory process. The lobules and ducts of the prostate gland become inflamed, their contractility is disturbed, they narrow and clog, this can make it difficult to secrete the prostate secretion.
At the catarrhal stage, the pathological process stops at the mucous layers and does not go deeper. In the process of progression, the disease spreads to the entire prostate gland. Follicular acute bacterial prostatitis develops. At the analysis in urine pus comes to light. The tissues of the gland destructively change, swelling continues to increase. The follicular form is still relatively easy to treat.
Further, a parenchymal form of the disease develops, the outcome of which can be an abscess of the prostate, that is, chronic prostatitis. Therefore, symptoms such as:
At the first suspicion of inflammation of the prostate gland, hurry to the doctor. Correct and comprehensive diagnosis of acute prostatitis is very important for quick and successful treatment. The doctor will first analyze the history, clarify when pain sensations appear in the perineum, whether they increase or decrease during ejaculation, urination, defecation. Be sure the doctor must study the patient's medical history: what diseases were transferred, whether there were sexually transmitted infections.
The urologist will palpate the external genital organs to determine developmental pathologies, visible signs of prostatitis, and rectal examination - palpation of the prostate gland through the anus. To create a complete clinical picture, it will be necessary to undergo the following examinations:
After a thorough diagnosis, they begin the treatment of acute prostatitis. It is based on antibiotic therapy, the purpose of which is to suppress infectious pathogens. Additionally, conservative treatment of prostatitis includes the use of:
The advanced forms of inflammation of the prostate with the appearance of purulent foci require surgical intervention. Transurethral (through the wall of the urethra) or transrectal (through the wall of the anus) drainage of abscessed areas is performed. Surgery may be required in case of pathological urinary retention
Treatment of acute prostatitis in men with drugs (tablets, injections) is the basis of successful therapy. With well-prescribed antibiotic therapy, the infection can be overcome in a few days. However, it is recommended to continue treatment for four weeks in order to achieve complete eradication of the pathogenic microflora. Medications used in the disease are:
For the treatment of inflammation of the prostate, the doctor may prescribe a set of drugs, which will include:
The main causative agents of prostatitis are pathogenic bacteria that cause inflammation in the tissues of the prostate gland. Therefore, antibiotics for acute prostatitis are the basis of treatment and are prescribed only after testing for the sensitivity of the microflora. Antimicrobials used for inflammation are divided into the following groups:
In order for a man to be always healthy, full of strength, the prevention of acute prostatitis is important, including:
It is important to completely cure diseases of the genitourinary organs (urethritis, cystitis, pyelonephritis, balanoposthitis). Undertreated diseases can cause the development of an inflammatory process in the prostate gland.Among other things, we must not forget about increasing physical activity. In the cold season, hypothermia should be avoided. Prostate massage is very useful for men's health. However, if the disease has already made itself felt, massage is contraindicated and even impossible due to the soreness of the organ.