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How prostatitis manifests itself and from what it appears
How prostatitis manifests itself and from what it appears
The prostate gland is an organ located under the bladder. In the male body, it performs a function related to the production of semen - it produces prostatic juice. The semen volume is one third of the secretion of the prostate. Therefore, the first signs of a malfunction of the organ are problems in sexual function, which are subsequently joined by difficulty urinating and pain in the small pelvis. The signs and causes of prostatitis are described in detail in scientific papers, there is a lot of information about treatment with alternative methods, but the disease is still leading among men of young and mature age.
First, you should consider in detail the signs of prostatitis, by which you can independently suspect that you have a disease.
Signs of acute infectious prostatitis
Certain forms of the disease have their own specific symptoms. Distinguish between congestive and infectious prostatitis. At the same time, the state of a person depends on what stage the process is at.
Acute infectious prostatitis goes through 3 stages of development:
- catarrhal;
- follicular;
- parenchymal.
Catarrhal prostatitis is characterized by an acute onset of the disease. There is no severe pain, but a feeling of heaviness in the lower abdomen and in the perineum is present. General weakness is observed, the temperature can be increased to 38 degrees. With digital diagnostics, there is a moderate increase in the tissue of the gland.
Follicular prostatitis is a consequence of catarrhal. If untreated, the symptoms appear stronger, dysuria sets in (increased urge to urinate). Pain appears during bowel movements. When probing the gland, painful foci are noted. This period is also called a purulent abscess. May have bad consequences. When a follicle ruptures, purulent contents flow into nearby areas and can provoke sepsis.
Parenchymal prostatitis is an extreme degree of advanced inflammatory process. Palpation of the gland is difficult due to painful sensations in the rectum. When examining a part of the prostate gland, the lobules and isthmus are not palpable. Severe inflammation increases the volume of the organ. In this case, the urinary ducts are infringed or completely closed, which leads to the impossibility of urinating.
Inflammation of the prostate tends to spread to adjacent tissues, in particular to the rectum. In this case, severe pain is observed during bowel movement. There are also severe pains radiating to the penis and thighs.
Signs of stagnant forgiveness
The most common occurrence of congestion in the pelvic organs is prostatorrhea. This is a spontaneous flow of fluid through the urethra. In this case, the pain syndrome may be completely absent. This is the most dangerous form of prostatitis associated with vasoconstriction and hypoxia of the gland and adjacent organs. The absence of pain in this case is not a positive moment in the course of the disease.
Prolonged atony of the prostate gland can progress to the sclerotic stage. In this case, the volume of the organ decreases. This can be recorded with a rectal examination. Normally, the prostate is up to 4 cm across and 2.5 cm thick. With sclerotic changes, the size decreases. The tissue of the gland becomes dense, has an uneven surface.
Sclerosis has extremely negative consequences for the entire genitourinary system, as it can cause pyelonephritis and lead to renal failure. Therefore, it is very important to conduct early diagnosis in the presence of unclear symptoms in order to identify the causes and stage of the disease.
Clinical presentation of chronic infectious prostatitis
The disease can begin after suffering infectious diseases of a venereal nature, tuberculosis, streptococcal sore throat, in the presence of stones or infection in the kidneys.
The patient complains of the presence of characteristic symptoms: difficulty urinating, abdominal pain, weakening of sexual function. There may be complaints of increased pain during physical activity, intercourse. Or vice versa - with prolonged sitting. Chronic prostatitis is a sluggish disease that does not cause much trouble, so patients rarely go for diagnosis.
There is also an asymptomatic course of the disease. The only reliable manifestation of this form is leukoceturia - the presence of leukocytes in the urine, which indicates the presence of a focus of inflammation in the body. Also, urine tests reveal bacteria. Such tests should not be ignored, as sometimes prostate cancer can be asymptomatic for a long time.
Granulomatous prostatitis
A rare disease of the prostate gland. General disorders are moderately pronounced. The temperature rises to 38 degrees without chills. It is possible to determine the presence of this pathology with a rectal examination. The granularity of the gland is revealed.Painful syndrome is poorly expressed or absent. Further research reveals violations in cellular immunity.
Common symptoms of different forms of prostatitis
With various forms of the disease, there are common characteristics that indicate the development of the inflammatory process and the need to see a doctor:
Urinary Disorder
Is a common symptom for acute infectious and chronic prostatitis. The main thing is to determine in time deviations from the norm and consult a doctor for a detailed examination.
The total amount of daily urine in an adult is approximately 1200 - 1500 ml. The urge to urinate occurs up to 6 times a day. At the same time, there is no feeling of discomfort, urine is removed from the body under pressure and after emptying the bladder, a person feels relief.
With inflammation of the prostate, the volume of fluid remains the same, but the number of urges increases. A man may experience burning sensation and pain when urinating. The urine pressure changes - the further the inflammatory process goes, the thinner and weaker the stream of fluid.
Sexual dysfunction
It manifests itself at an early stage in the form of weakening of erection, premature ejaculation, mental disorders, apathy. There have been cases of male infertility with prostatitis. According to statistics, the percentage of cases is very large - up to 40% among men aged 35-40 years.
Erection may not occur even with a strong desire. This, unfortunately, leads to mental disorders.
Various phobias may appear:
In the presence of such conditions, you should contact a psychotherapist, at the same time starting treatment with a urologist.
General sickness
Symptoms of prostatitis can appear unexpectedly - in an acute form. This is a sudden rise in temperature, fever, chills. This manifestation is more typical for acute infectious prostatitis.
Chronic infectious diseases are less noticeable. Joints, sacrum, hips may hurt. The temperature rises slightly, but there are no symptoms of a cold. There is no feeling of relief when the bladder is emptied. The pain syndrome is weak and does not interfere with a normal life. But nevertheless, under certain conditions, the disease can worsen, the person's condition worsens, which requires an immediate visit to the doctor and an accurate diagnosis.
Pain in the lower abdomen and during ejaculation
May be present with any form of prostatitis - infectious or non-infectious. They usually begin after a long stagnation in intercourse or after experiments to prolong intercourse, when interruption of the process is often practiced.
Localization of pain can be in the groin, in the testicles, sometimes it is observed along the ureters, which indicates an ascending inflammatory process.
Causes of prostatitis
Inflammation of the prostate gland is the most common disease of the male genitourinary system. According to statistics, men aged 25 to 40 are most often sick. This suggests that there are many reasons for this problem, including those not directly related to the work of the kidneys or genitals.
It is customary to classify the causes of prostatitis according to the following scheme.
Diseases can be divided into two groups:
Infectious diseases are divided into:
- specific prostatitis;
- non-specific.
Contributing factors can be:
Congenital, in turn, has two main factors:
- features of blood circulation in the gland;
- features of the structure of muscles.
Purchased:
- lifestyle;
- bad habits;
- degree of sexual activity;
- harmful working conditions;
- the presence of concomitant diseases;
- intoxication.
Infection path:
Congestive prostatitis
As a result of a violation of the blood supply to the gland, tissue hypoxia occurs, followed by inflammation. With prolonged abstinence or irregular sexual activity, swelling of the tissues of the prostate occurs, which can cause pain. Venous congestion occurs with interrupted intercourse, alcohol abuse, smoking.
A sedentary lifestyle, sedentary work contribute to a deterioration in the blood supply to the pelvic organs. The presence of diseases such as hemorrhoids contributes to inflammation in the prostate gland.
Most often, the reason lies in a combination of factors: congestion, the presence of infection, a decrease in general immunity. Moreover, the infection can be both specific and non-specific.
Stagnant phenomena include hypothermia, trauma with impaired blood circulation and lymphatic fluid, hormonal disorders. Congestive prostatitis - its causes and symptoms - are largely similar to the infectious manifestations of prostate disease.
Androgen production disorder
A decrease in testosterone levels for various reasons means a deterioration in the functioning of the cardiovascular system, weight gain, problems with bone tissue. In turn, these processes aggravate the general condition of the body, contribute to the accumulation of female sex hormones in the adipose tissue, which further inhibit the synthesis of testosterone. This creates a vicious circle that can lead to problems with the prostate gland.
Beer, which contains phytoestrogens - analogs of female hormones, is especially harmful to testosterone.
The level of male hormones can decrease with age, as well as with overwork, lack of sleep, frequent stress, when the body is unable to withstand external factors.
In case of dysfunction of the endocrine glands, for example, in diabetes mellitus, the blood becomes viscous, becomes thicker. The sugar crystals are large enough to pass through the finest capillaries of the prostate gland. As a result, the organ receives less nutrition from the bloodstream, and the nerve cells lack oxygen. There is a gradual death of tissues - muscle and nervous, which leads to irreversible sclerotic processes in the prostate.
Infectious prostatitis
Various microorganisms have an effect on the body and on the organs of the genitourinary system. It can be native microflora, it can be pathogenic.
Non-specific prostatitis - causes
As a result of infection with viruses, bacteria that are carried with the blood throughout the body, infection of the prostate tissue can occur. 80% of prostate diseases are nonspecific. Against the background of reduced immunity, a focus of inflammation is formed.
The causative agents of nonspecific prostatitis can be:
- staphylococcus;
- streptococcus;
- chlamydia;
- Escherichia coli;
- ureaplasma;
- herpes virus;
- cytomegalovirus;
- shingles.
Some of the above pathogens are transmitted both hematogenously and sexually.
A fungal infection can cause inflammation under certain conditions, such as vitamin deficiency.
The risk of nonspecific prostatitis is associated with a decrease in immunity, which in turn depends on the quality of food, water, the use of vitamins and mineral complexes.
Specific prostatitis
Ascending infection is the most common cause of prostatitis. The causative agents are usually bacteria that enter the body during sexual intercourse. The disease begins with urethritis, there is discharge from the urethra.
Causative agents can be:
- Trichomonas;
- gonococci;
- tubercle bacillus;
Trichomonads choose the prostate as their habitat, since the organ is permeated with a network of vessels and provides microorganisms with food and oxygen. The infectious process can be acute or asymptomatic. In an acute process, discharge is present - white, gray or watery. Itching and burning sensation in the urethra is noted. There may be traces of blood in the semen. The asymptomatic course of the disease is called chronic Trichomonas prostatitis.
Gonococcal prostatitis is a complication of infection. During reproduction, gonococci poison the tissues with the products of their vital activity, which leads to inflammation and an increase in the volume of the prostate gland. The process is mostly acute. The asymptomatic course is not typical. Symptoms of infection are pronounced: cramps and pain when urinating, purulent discharge from the urethra. The testicles can be inflamed, often resulting in male infertility. Gonococci are often found in the rectum, which can cause inflammation of the mucous membrane and, if untreated, spread to the genitourinary system, including the prostate.
Tuberculous prostatitis is the result of infection with Koch's bacillus of the organs of the genitourinary system. The bacterium does not always choose the tissues of the respiratory system for habitation. In 20% of cases, the object of infection is the prostate gland. In the initial stages, the disease develops asymptomatically and it is almost impossible to suspect the presence of an infection on your own. A decrease in the general tone of the body, fatigue, lack of appetite, a slight rise in temperature - these are all the symptoms of the penetration and reproduction of Koch's bacillus. Subsequently, necrosis of the tissues of the prostate and nearby organs occurs, fistulas are formed. The infection provokes decay processes and pus may be in the feces or in the urine.
Autoimmune pathologies
The reaction to an infection may be associated with the production of antibodies against healthy cells of the body, a pathological strengthening of the immune response occurs. Granulomatous prostatitis can occur against the background of pancreatitis, exposure to radiation and ultraviolet radiation, and allergies. The mechanism of development of the disease makes it possible to distinguish this disease from other forms of prostatitis.
Predisposing factors of prostatitis
Congenital concomitant factors are the structure of the prostate gland: features of the structure of blood vessels and muscle tissue. It is almost impossible to change this, so it is difficult to prevent the onset of the disease. Acquired factors such as work specifics, lifestyle and nutrition can be changed.
When working in adverse conditions with radioactive and chemical exposure, the level of body resistance decreases. This allows microbes to multiply. This is due to an increase in acidity and a decrease in the pH of the blood, which is a breeding ground for many pathogens.
Injuries to the pelvic organs are almost always associated with damage to the lymphatic and blood vessels. This disrupts the metabolism in the pelvic organs, increases the level of intoxication, which leads to inflammatory diseases of the prostate, bladder and rectum.
Bad habits - smoking and drinking alcohol - can lead to venous congestion and poisoning of the body with poisonous substances - decay products. Alcohol retains fluid in the body and promotes swelling. Moreover, the use of alcoholic beverages disrupts the functioning of the liver, which takes part in the synthesis of male sex hormones.
From the point of view of the psyche, alcohol excites the central nervous system. But later, the excitement is replaced by inhibition. The process concerns all systems and organs, including the prostate gland. Dehydration of the body due to alcohol consumption is a common cause of inflammatory processes in the kidneys, which gradually descend to the ureters and bladder and provoke the formation of foci of inflammation in the prostate.
Late access to medical institutions for diagnosis, insufficient or incorrect treatment of infectious diseases contribute to the development of inflammation of the prostate gland. At the initial stage, it is possible to prevent the pathological process, but for this it is necessary to make an accurate diagnosis. Ignoring the symptoms of prostatitis allows the disease to develop and pass into a chronic stage, when the process is more difficult to treat.
The function of the prostate gland is not always fully restored. It is necessary to engage in self-education in order to prevent the manifestation of a disease such as prostatitis, the causes and symptoms of which are well understood.
