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Prostate symptoms and treatments
Prostate symptoms and treatments
Diseases of the prostate gland are most often diagnosed in men over 50 years of age. The reason for this is age-related androgenic deficiency, an increased level of dihydrotestosterone, an unhealthy lifestyle.
The most common prostate disease is prostatitis. The disease can have a bacterial, fungal, allergic and abacterial etiology. Treat pathology with medication.
Other common diseases of the prostate are benign hyperplasia, cancer, prostate tuberculosis, cyst. Each ailment has its own etiology and characteristic symptoms.
Prostatitis
Prostatitis is a pathology of the prostate gland in which the organ swells and inflammation develops in it.
There are several subspecies of prostatitis:
- Stagnant.
- Fungal.
- Bacterial.
- Allergic.
- Vegetovascular.
- Hormonal-dystrophic.
The causes of prostatitis are:
- STDs.
- Immunity impairment.
- Hormonal imbalance.
- Unhealthy lifestyle.
- Incorrect diet.
- Lack of sex.
- Hypodynamics.
- Chronic diseases of the genitourinary system.
With prostatitis, characteristic symptoms occur, indicating inflammation in the glandular organ.
Initially, a man has pain in the perineum. It occurs during urination or intercourse. The pain radiates to the lower back, testicles and sacrum. The pain syndrome can be dull or paroxysmal, depending on the course of prostatitis.
In addition to pain, a man has other symptoms, namely:
- Frequent urge to urinate.
- Premature ejaculation.
- Erectile dysfunction.
- The appearance of mucous, cheesy and even purulent discharge. These signs appear only with prostatitis of bacterial etiology.
- Cramps when urinating.
- Feeling of incomplete emptying of the bladder. In severe cases, urine leaks.
Prostatitis is treated conservatively. A man is prescribed antibacterial drugs, bioregulatory peptides. Alpha-1-blockers are used to relieve dysuric disorders.
To eliminate the unpleasant symptoms of prostate inflammation, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, muscle relaxants and antispasmodics should be used.
Also, men with prostatitis are advised to eat right, play sports, and avoid hypothermia. In addition, you should refrain from going to the baths, as high temperature is also dangerous with inflammation of the pancreas.
If a patient has congestive prostatitis, then he additionally needs to do prostate massage. This procedure improves the outflow of secretions from the glandular organ, and helps to normalize blood circulation in the small pelvis.
You can perform finger massage of the prostate gland, or use specialized stimulants. These products have vibration heads that help to improve the effectiveness of the procedure. Thanks to the design features of the massagers, the man experiences pleasure during the procedure.
Benign prostatic hyperplasia
Benign prostatic hyperplasia is a very common disease. Usually, the disease is diagnosed in men over 50 years old. This is due to hormonal changes.
What are the reasons for the development of this prostate disease is unknown. But urologists suggest that a number of factors contribute to the progression of adenoma.
These factors are:
Symptoms, or rather its severity, will depend on the severity of BPH. In total, there are 3 stages of adenoma - compensated, subcompensated and decompensated.
Signs of illness:
- Frequent urge to urinate. Frequency increases at night.
- Asthenic syndrome, irritability, insomnia.
- Sluggish urination. In severe cases, urinary incontinence.
- Feeling of incomplete emptying of the bladder.
- Decreased libido.
- Earlier ejaculation.
- Erectile dysfunction.
- Pain in the perineum and lower back.
Against the background of adenoma, extremely severe pathologies can develop - renal failure, urolithiasis, acute urinary retention, uremia. The progression of adenoma can also lead to hydronephrosis - an expansion of the renal pyelocaliceal system.
Prostate adenoma is treated conservatively or surgically. Drug therapy helps prevent further tumor growth and improve urodynamics. For conservative treatment, alpha-1-blockers and 5-alpha-reductase inhibitors are used.
If the patient has BPH of 2-3 degrees of severity, then surgical treatment is prescribed.
The following procedures can be used:
- Prostatectomy.
- Laser vaporization.
- Balloon dilation.
- Embolization of the arteries of the prostate.
- Cryodestruction.
Prostate cancer
Prostate cancer is a common disease among older men. The exact causes of the appearance of malignant tumors in the prostate gland are unknown to this day.
Scientists agree that there are predisposing factors for the progression of cancer.
These factors are:
- Genetic predisposition.
- Negroidism.
- Chronic prostate diseases - adenoma, prostatitis.
- Older age.
- Bad habits - smoking, alcoholism, drug addiction.
Unbalanced diet. Doctors have found that men who consume little vegetable fiber and animal proteins are more likely to develop Prostate cancer.
What are the symptoms of this disease? In the initial stages, cancer is asymptomatic. This is why cancer is often detected at an advanced stage.
The characteristic signs of the disease include:
Treat prostate cancer with surgery. In the later stages, it is impossible to cure the disease, especially if metastases appear. Therefore, when the first signs appear, it is very important to immediately contact a doctor for a comprehensive diagnosis.
Today, several types of surgical treatment for cancer are used. The best option is radical prostatectomy. This procedure involves the complete removal of the prostate with the tumor. For cancer, additional radiation therapy and chemotherapy can be used.
With timely access to doctors, the prognosis is relatively favorable. After undergoing medical therapy, the patient will need to undergo regular preventive examinations, as prostate cancer may recur.
Prostate tuberculosis
Prostate tuberculosis is a very rare disease. The reason for its occurrence is obvious - the penetration of Koch's bacillus into the prostate gland. The disease is observed in patients who suffer from classic pulmonary tuberculosis.
The disease very often proceeds in a latent form, so it is problematic to detect it. However, a man may show characteristic signs of the disease.
These symptoms are:
- Dysuric disorders. With tuberculous lesions of the prostate, the patient has frequent urge to urinate, a feeling of incomplete emptying of the bladder, cramps and burning sensation in the urethra during urination. Dysuric disorders often mislead the patient, because the symptoms of prostate tuberculosis and prostatitis are very similar.
- The appearance of severe pain in the perineum and lower back. Pain can intensify spontaneously for no apparent reason.
- The appearance of mucus in the semen.
- Sluggish erection.
- Loss of appetite, weakness, irritability, sleep disturbances.
To diagnose prostate tuberculosis, the patient should undergo differential diagnosis. Initially, a rectal examination of the prostate is performed. On palpation, the physician may feel the swelling of the glandular organ.
A general urine and blood test, BAC culture of prostate secretion, ultrasound examination of the kidneys and pelvic organs, a blood test for PSA - prostate specific antigen are mandatory.
UZDG is also used. This technique allows you to assess the hemodynamics and vascularization of the prostate gland. Based on the data obtained, a final diagnosis is made.
Prostate tuberculosis is very difficult to treat. Conservative therapy can last up to 4-6 months. The patient is prescribed chemotherapy.
Also, broad-spectrum antibiotics that are active against Koch's bacillus are mandatory. Fluoroquinolones and macrolides are usually prescribed.
Prostate cyst
Prostate cyst is a fairly common disease. A cyst is a fluid-filled cavity. The cyst consists of fibrous tissue, and from the inside is lined with a cylindrical or cubic epithelium.
According to the WHO, prostate cyst occurs in 20% of men worldwide. The disease may well be congenital. But often the cyst is acquired, that is, it develops in the process of life.
The predisposing factors for the development of cysts are:
- Working with toxic substances.
- Alcoholism.
- Adenoma, prostatitis.
- Smoking.
- Obstruction of the prostatic ducts.
- Lack or excess of sex.
Symptoms of a cyst in the prostate are dysuric disorders, rapid ejaculation, impaired sexual function, pain in the small pelvis. The intensity of symptoms depends on the size of the lesion. Sometimes the disease is completely asymptomatic.
There is no need to treat a cyst if it is small and does not cause discomfort. In this case, dynamic observation is sufficient. If the cyst is large and uncomfortable, a puncture is prescribed.
In case of suppuration of a neoplasm, one cannot do without a radical surgical operation, during which the tumor is removed through the perineum, peritoneum, urethra or transrectally.
