Common blood and urine test for prostatitis

Basic and additional tests for diagnosing prostatitis in men

Prostatitis has no clear symptoms, which greatly complicates the diagnosis of pathology in the early stages.

This cannot be done without the use of additional analyzes. But what tests for prostatitis do you need to pass?

After all, only laboratory tests allow us to establish the current stage of inflammation of the gland and the severity of the pathological process.

In the article we will talk about the diagnosis of prostatitis, tests, how to determine the insidious disease.

Tests for prostatitis in men

Tests for establishing inflammation of the prostate gland - a set of clinical studies that allow you to find out the following points:

• general condition of the penis;
• presence of inflammation;
• stages of tissue damage.

In addition, clinical examinations may be recommended. It is the totality of analytical data that allows the doctor to get a complete picture of the patient's health status.

What tests to take for prostatitis? In order to obtain a complete picture of the disease, the urologist prescribes the following laboratory tests:

• general urinalysis;
• general blood test;
• prostate secretion analysis;
• analysis of urethral secretion.

Let's consider what tests for prostatitis you need to pass - an examination plan:

Urine analysis

If prostatitis is suspected, a urinalysis is the first test to be taken.

Examination of the patient's urine allows the doctor to identify inflammation affecting the prostate gland.

If the urine test shows an increased content of leukocytes, then this confirms the presence of inflammation.

Urine analysis for prostatitis - indicators:

Urine density and CFU are less effective in diagnosing prostatitis. Exceeding the permissible limits may indicate the pathology of the genitourinary system as a whole.

General blood test for prostatitis

What other tests are done for prostatitis in men? One of them is a blood test for prostatitis. Blood sampling for research is carried out from a finger strictly on an empty stomach. Below you can see the indicators of the general blood test for prostatitis.

A blood test for prostatitis is the norm:

• increased white blood cell counts (more than 9109);
• increased ESR (over 5 mm/h);
• fixation of stab leukocytes (more than 4);
• low hemoglobin values (less than 110 g/l).

If such deviations are found in the blood test for prostatitis, then they indicate a long-term inflammation.

Examination of prostate secretions

Significant research indicators are:

They must be present in the secret in a significant amount.

In the presence of chronic inflammation of the prostate, lecithin grains can either be completely absent or be determined by a small number.

Should not be fixed.

If pathogenic microorganisms are detected, it is recommended to perform a bacterial culture of the prostate secretion with the determination of the sensitivity of the pathogen to antibiotics.

Sometimes, against the background of a good analysis, a person has symptoms of prostatitis. In this case, a provocative test may be prescribed. The patient is given intravenous prednisolone or pyrogenal. Then the prostate secretion is retaken and urine is collected.

The injected drug activates the excretion of leukocytes (in the presence of latent prostatitis). An increased content of leukocytes in the biological fluids of a man confirms the pathology.

Fluorescent microscopy gives good results. The method allows you to identify even single cells of the cylindrical epithelium, which becomes a confirmation of chronic prostatitis.

Urethral scraping analysis

Very often, inflammation of the urethra - urethritis - becomes a pathology associated with prostatitis. To diagnose the disease, a scraping is performed using a sterile probe inserted into the lumen of the urethra to a depth of three to four centimeters.

In case of urethritis, the analysis shows the presence of bacteria in the test material, as well as an increase in the number of leukocytes (more than three in the field of view). In addition, an increased content of mucus and epithelial cells is recorded.

Additional laboratory tests

What tests to take for prostatitis? Quite often, in order to obtain a clearer picture of the disease, the urologist prescribes additional studies.

Such a measure is practiced if the previously prescribed drug therapy did not bring the expected result.

It can also be caused by the symptoms of complications of prostatitis.

Here may be prescribed: a blood test for PSA, bacteriological culture of prostate secretion, PCR, spermogram.

PSA blood test

Protein PSA (prostate specific antigen) is produced by gland tissues. Its main function is to liquefy semen. Exceeding the permissible norm of PSA may indicate the presence of malignant cells, as well as other pathological changes in the tissues of the prostate gland.

Three types of PSA are of diagnostic interest:

• linked;
• general.

During the normal functioning of the secretory epithelium of the prostate, PSA in the blood of a man is determined no more than 4 ng / ml.

The content of the total antigen in the blood in the range of 4-10 ng / ml is a sign of the following pathologies:

For a more accurate interpretation of the analysis, the content of specific protein fractions is considered:

• Decrease in free PSA becomes one of the signs of the development of prostate cancer;
• an increase in the allowable free PSA rate indicates a chronic form of prostatitis.

Bacteriological culture of prostate secretions

Analysis refers to bacteriological research. The analysis allows you to identify the pathogen and establish its sensitivity to various types of antibiotics.

PCR (polymerase chain reaction)

PCR diagnostics is one of the most effective methods widely used in urological practice.

The analysis is performed in a short time and shows a high accuracy of the result (up to 99.9%).

It is PCR that is the most informative method for diagnosing inflammation of the prostate gland.

The PCR technique detects the DNA of all pathogens present in the taken biological material.

This makes it possible to select adequate drug therapy. In addition, the study reveals even single viruses and bacteria, which is completely impossible with other methods.

Spermogram

What is a spermogram for prostatitis? What is it made for? The study allows you to identify the inflammatory process. Most often, semen analysis is prescribed in tandem with prostate secretion culture.

The assessment of the received material is carried out according to the following indicators:

Preparation for surrender requires sexual abstinence for at least two days. During this period, it is necessary to refrain from taking coffee, alcohol, any medications and visiting saunas, baths, solariums. All sperm obtained is used for analysis.

Conclusion

Prostatitis is one of the most serious diseases of the male reproductive system, which significantly worsens the patient's quality of life. It is necessary to pass tests for prostatitis! After all, conducting a comprehensive analysis allows not only to identify pathology at the beginning of its development, but also to draw up an optimal treatment regimen.

Useful video

What tests to take with prostatitis? Watch the video below:

What will urinalysis show with prostatitis

What kind of urine for inflammation of the prostate

If we consider the anatomical features of the structure of a man, you can see that the urethral canal passes inside the prostate gland. Any disturbances in the work of tissues lead to changes in urine: its composition, type, color, density, etc.

There are several characteristic signs indicating the presence of an inflammatory process of the genitourinary system and prostate:

• Orange urine is normally a bright yellow effluent. The appearance of red blood cells causes the urine to darken. Orange urine can also become after taking medications or certain foods.
• Pink urine - indicates the presence of hematuria and the presence of fresh blood in the urine. An unfavorable sign indicating serious disorders of the genitourinary system, in particular prostate cancer.
• Red urine is a characteristic manifestation of acute prostatitis, as well as other inflammations of the genitourinary system. A change in the color of urine indicates the presence of stagnant blood, due to trauma to the prostate or the development of renal failure and pyelonephritis - companions of prostatitis.
• White threads and clots in the urine are a sign of the development of purulent prostatitis. Threads gradually fall into sediment. One of the most characteristic symptoms of purulent prostatitis. If at the same time fever is diagnosed, pain during urination, you should immediately consult a doctor. Persistent thread-like discharge indicates serious clinical changes: the spread of purulent sacs or the formation of an abscess.
• Whitish flakes are nothing more than protein that appeared in urine. White flakes indicate problems in the functioning of the kidneys, bladder. Changes in the structure indicate cystitis, pyelonephritis, accompanying acute prostatitis. Flakes are also diagnosed with a purulent disease.
• Sticky urine is a characteristic symptom of immunodeficiency states. Changes indicate chronic prostatitis, cancer and any other disorders associated with inflammatory processes in the genitourinary system. The density of urine is greatly increased.A large amount of cloudy sediment falls out. In some forms of chronic prostatitis and cancer, urine foams.

Normally, a man should have yellow urine with a clear consistency and without sharp unpleasant odors. Several factors influence the structure.

Visible changes in the urine provoke drugs, food, lack of fluid in the body. If heterogeneous inclusions continue to remain in the outgoing urine, the color changes for a long time - this is a reason to consult a doctor for additional diagnosis of the condition.

Is it possible to determine prostatitis by urine analysis

Urine sampling for a clinical study allows you to suspect the presence of inflammatory processes at an early stage

Changes help to conclude that tissue inflammation occurs in the urinary tract, catalyzing violations of the main functions of internal organs.

According to the analysis of urine, prostatitis can be determined with an accuracy of about 60%. In other cases, diagnosed disorders relate to pyelonephritis, renal failure, urethritis, cystitis and other diseases.

Clinical changes in the urine are not considered absolute evidence of inflammation of the prostate gland. The results obtained during laboratory tests are used in differential diagnosis using instrumental examination methods.

In addition to cytological, general and bacteriological conclusions, when deciphering the analyzes, the following are taken into account:

• Physical properties of urine - data obtained from visual inspection of fluid samples.
• Daily amount of urine - after the onset of dysuric disorders, the waste of fluid becomes much more difficult. Violation of the outflow of urine under adverse circumstances leads to a complete cessation of urination.
• Existing signs and symptoms of the disease - if the physiological parameters of urine indicate the presence of inflammation and at the same time the man has cramps during going to the toilet, pain during sex and dysuric disorders, the likelihood of prostatitis increases to 80%.

Types of urine tests for detecting prostatitis

To detect inflammation of prostate tissue, several types of urine samples are prescribed at once. Comprehensive analysis is preferred, as it reveals general changes in the structure of urine, disturbances at the cellular level, the presence of pathogenic microorganisms.

As a rule, the following types of laboratory tests are prescribed:

• General clinical analysis.
• Cytological examination.
• Sampling for the detection of infectious and bacteriological factors.

To clarify the results with a significantly increased volume of erythrocytes and leukocytes, an additional analysis according to Nechiporenko is recommended. The latter method of research is justified in the case of determining concomitant inflammatory processes: urethritis, cystitis, etc.

General analysis of urine for prostatitis

The main goal is to reveal physical and chemical changes in the structure and color of samples taken for analysis. If prostatitis is suspected, a general clinical analysis is mandatory. During laboratory studies, pay attention to the following:

• Appearance - take into account changes in color and smell, increase in density and the presence of foreign inclusions.
• Physical and chemical properties - the acidity of urine is normally 5-7 pH. An increase in values indicates the presence of prostatitis or any other inflammatory process. Density does not play a role in determining the disease, but helps to exclude the presence of adjacent pathologies.
• Biochemical analysis of urine - in the course of clinical studies, the number of leukocytes, erythrocytes, oxalates and protein is determined. Indicators help to suspect cancer or calculous, acute and infectious prostatitis.

A general urinalysis gives an idea of the patient's condition and the presence of inflammatory processes in the genitourinary system. Clinical studies are included in a number of mandatory diagnostic procedures.

Cytological examination of urine

Prostatitis in a chronic form can degenerate into prostate cancer. The symptoms of inflammation of the prostate gland and a malignant tumor are identical. Laboratory tests for cytology will help differentiate cancer.

Urine microscopy in oncology reveals particles of the epithelium. If there is no malignant formation, microcells of tissues in urine are not detected during the study. Together with a biopsy of the prostate, urine cytology is essential for the early detection of cancer

Bacteriological diagnosis of urine

Bakposev is necessary to determine the catalyst for inflammation in an acute infectious disease. The cause of prostatitis can be pathogenic microorganisms and Candida fungi.A urinalysis for culture makes it possible to determine a sexually transmitted infection and select the most effective antibiotic therapy in each case.

Normally, human urine is completely sterile. If the tank study reveals traces of fungi or pathogens, infectious prostatitis is diagnosed. In the absence of STIs or fungi, a chronic or acute form of inflammation is diagnosed.

How to take a urine test when diagnosing prostatitis

How to properly collect urine

Results of urine analysis for prostatitis

The data obtained from the study of urine is difficult to interpret. Deciphering the analyzes requires the experience and professionalism of a urologist. Comparison of the obtained results with the symptoms and manifestations present in the patient.

Some of the data indicated in the results of the analyzes can be deciphered independently:

• Protein - normally completely absent in urine. Protein in the urine with prostatitis is in proportions of more than 0.033 g / l. The result does not always indicate the presence of prostate inflammation. Increased protein in the urine is diagnosed with cystitis, nephritis, urethritis and kidney failure.
• RBCs in urine - increased volume indicates calculous prostatitis and prostate cancer. The normal number of red blood cells is their complete absence during the study of samples or the maximum presence of 1 cell.
• Leukocytes - in the normal state, about 3 units are diagnosed. Leukocytes in the urine with prostatitis increase above the established levels. Particles enter the urine from the bloodstream due to the inflammatory process. An elevated white blood cell count indicates prostatitis or cancer.
• Phosphates in the urine - diagnosed with calculous prostatitis.

Deviations in the overall analysis are not yet a cause for concern. Many factors influence the results. It is possible to talk about suspicion of prostatitis after re-examination of urine samples. Persistent changes in indicators confirm the development of the inflammatory process in the human genitourinary system.

Signs of prostatitis on urinalysis help to suggest the presence of inflammation. It is impossible to draw conclusions only on the basis of urine samples. To clarify the diagnosis, additional biochemical and instrumental studies will be required.

Tests for prostatitis: types of studies and interpretation of the results

No doctor will be able to diagnose a patient with symptoms of inflammation in the prostate gland until he passes the tests. Without fail, a man is issued a referral for laboratory and instrumental diagnostics. After its results are deciphered by a specialist. Tests for prostatitis help the urologist to correctly diagnose the patient and choose the optimal treatment for him.

Prostatitis symptoms

In pathology, there are frequent urges to the toilet for little need

Inflammation of the prostate gland is accompanied by a whole group of symptoms that a man can not always ignore. With them, you need to contact a specialist.

It is necessary to start sounding the alarm if a man has the following signs of illness:

• Intermittent urine stream;
• Pain during ejaculation and urination;
• Discomfort in the lower abdomen;
• Pain in the anus, perineum and penis;
• Increased urination;
• Difficulty defecation, which is accompanied by pain;
• Erectile dysfunction.

Such symptoms should not be ignored. They indicate the active development of the disease, which requires immediate treatment.

Basic tests for diagnostics

A group of tests is given for prostatitis. Without them, even an experienced specialist is not able to make a correct diagnosis to the patient. Without fail, if such a disease is suspected, blood, urine and a secret that is produced by the prostate gland are checked. In biological fluids, due to the inflammatory process, changes occur that make it possible to determine the pathology.

Urine analysis

Urine analysis allows you to determine the presence of pathology in the genitourinary system

One of the first patients to do a general urine test. It is required if you suspect any disease associated with the genitourinary system.

The urine sample is checked for the following indicators:

• Leukocytes. It is the main indicator of inflammation. Normally, their number should not exceed 7 units. Otherwise, doctors talk about pathology;
• Protein. In a healthy person, this element in the urine should not be present. As a rule, its presence indicates a chronic form of the disease;
• Erythrocytes. The normal value is 5 units. Its excess is observed during the course of calculous pathology or prostate abscess;
• Sediment.Its presence indicates a high content of salts in the urine, which leads to the formation of stones in the prostate ducts.

The presence of certain elements in the urine can tell a lot about the current state of health of a man.

Complete blood count

If you are sick, you will need to donate blood

When answering the question about what tests are required for prostatitis in men, a blood test is mentioned.

To determine the disease, it is necessary to compare the current analysis indicators with the norm. A patient with prostatitis will experience an increase in leukocytes and an increase in ESR. Also, a decrease in hemoglobin is not excluded. These deviations indicate pathology and the necessary treatment.

Examination of prostate secretions

Analysis of blood and urine for prostatitis is necessarily supplemented by a study of prostate secretion. The indicators of this biological fluid can also warn about the development of an inflammatory process in the gland.

Before taking a sample for analysis, the doctor performs palpation of the prostate using the rectal method. This procedure takes a couple of minutes. The patient should not feel strong discomfort.

Before the massage, the patient must urinate. This will avoid impurities in the secretion of foreign substances that may be in the urethra and affect the diagnostic results.

In response to stimulation with a finger, a small amount of prostate secretion is released from the urethra of the patient. It is he who is being studied in the laboratory. Particular attention is paid to the presence of leukocytes, erythrocytes and lecithin grains in the sample.

Urethral scraping analysis

The doctor prescribes a scraping analysis to the patient, which is taken from the urethra. It allows you to identify the presence of pathogenic bacteria in the genitourinary system and find out their number. Many of them can be causative agents of the inflammatory process in the prostate.

Additional laboratory tests

What kind of tests will need to be taken, the attending physician prescribes, based on the overall picture of the disease

The main tests for determining prostatitis in men are supplemented by auxiliary studies. They allow the specialist to better understand the picture of the patient's disease, which he observes.

PSA blood test

Men are prescribed a blood test for PSA (prostate specific antigen). This is a mandatory study in the acute or chronic course of the inflammatory process in the prostate gland.

A urologist who knows what additional tests to take for prostatitis will be able to determine the current disease of his patient based on the results of this study.

The results of the analysis are necessarily compared with the PSA standards. They depend on the age of the man. The comparison is carried out with the following data:

If the current figure is significantly higher than the norm, then a man can be diagnosed with prostate cancer.

Bacteriological culture of prostate secretions

Bacteriological culture is done by collecting the secret that the prostate gland produces. The extracted sample is sent for analysis. To get it, you need to give the patient a massage of the glandular organ. The procedure must be carried out in accordance with the rules, otherwise the liquid will contain unnecessary components that adversely affect the quality of the laboratory analysis.

With the help of bacteriological seeding, the causes of the development of tumor-like formations and the presence of pathogens in the genitourinary system are determined. There should be a minimum number of malicious agents within normal limits. Ideally, they are absent.

Secret collection is also necessary for the selection of a suitable antibacterial agent. Due to this, the effectiveness of the drug course is significantly increased.

PCR (polymerase chain reaction)

This laboratory analysis is the best and most informative

PCR is one of the DNA research methods. With its help, it is possible to determine the causative agent of an infectious pathology, which leads to the development of prostatitis. Thanks to him, it is also possible to identify the cause of the development of the disease in a man.

PCR diagnostics allows a specialist to determine the disease at the initial stage of its development. Therefore, this technique is considered one of the most effective and informative. Polymerase chain reaction helps to exclude or confirm such a cause of prostatitis as infection of the glandular organ with pathogenic microorganisms.

Spermogram

The purpose of this diagnostic is to study the family fluid. It is prescribed together with bacteriological seeding of the secret produced by the prostate gland.

When conducting a spermogram, attention is drawn to the following indicators:

Diagnosis is carried out for each of the above parameters. This is the only way to determine the presence of a pathological process in the genitourinary system and the prostate gland.

Tests for sexually transmitted infections

PCR analysis is done to rule out other diseases

Prostatitis can be caused by venereal disease pathogens. If this is the cause of the inflammatory process, then the patient will need special treatment aimed at suppressing the infectious pathogen.

PCR diagnostics allows you to determine the presence of a venereal pathogen in the genitourinary system. During the procedure, a scraping is taken from the mucous membrane of the urethra.

The doctor should explain to the patient how important it is to prepare for this test. The reliability of the results obtained during the study depends on the correctness of its implementation.

Transcript of results

The question of what tests are performed for prostatitis is closed. Patients may also be interested in deciphering the diagnostic results obtained.

A man can independently decipher his tests. But for this, he needs to pass the norm for one or another indicator, and then compare it with the values in his results.

The following indicators indicate inflammation in the prostate:

• The number of leukocytes exceeds the value of 3 units;
• PCR diagnostics revealed the presence of the causative agent of a venereal infection in the genitourinary system;
• Leukocytes in the glandular secretion exceed 12 units;
• The number of erythrocytes is beyond 1-2 units;
• Sperm showed aggregation and agglutination.

In addition to laboratory tests, the patient needs instrumental diagnostics. Ultrasound, CT, and MRI can confirm the diagnosis. With their help, the current state of the prostate and its size are assessed.